Dubitsky A.A.
Medical university Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
TOPICAL ISSUES OF PREPARATION AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF DOCTORS
Prompt introduction in medicine of achievements of
technical science qualitatively changed shape of medical institutions. Today
idea of modern clinic is connected with new medical technologies and equipment.
Naturally, for achievement of effective work of any
clinic at modern level the main requirement is presence of highly qualified
specialists [1].
The majority of the
medical institutions which are engaged in practical activities in the sphere of
health care, in recent years state noticeable decrease in a professional
standard of graduates of medical schools.
Reasons for that, in our opinion, a little: weak
material base of higher educational institutions and clinical bases, low level
of teaching, decrease in insistence to students, commercialization of activity
of higher educational institutions to the detriment of quality of preparation,
etc.
Similar problems are and in process after degree
training of specialists. The system after degree training internship and after
degree education at institutes and faculties of professional development of
doctors with a five-year interval also needs serious reforming.
Training on improvement
cycles the majority of doctors, as well as earlier, perceive formally, as the
necessary requirement for confirmation of certification category.
In our opinion on improvement cycles the main
attention is paid to questions of theoretical preparation of cadets according
to the general and private thematic sections, thereby listeners only repeat and
partially update the available baggage of theoretical knowledge.
To questions of special preparation and acquisition of
practical skills, carrying out a certain level of manipulations or operations,
works on the new medical equipment, development of new medical technologies of
diagnostics and treatment of surgical patients not enough attention is, as a
rule, paid.
Another, not less
important, aspect of ensuring completeness and quality after degree education
the question of its financing is. With transition to system of the state order
the number of free permits in institutes of improvement of doctors was reduced.
Quotas of improvement and specialization of the doctors, allocated to regions,
don't provide their requirement.
At the same time paid permits on advanced training
courses, at today's level of a salary of the doctors, too much of them it isn't
available. Only those doctors who had such need in connection with the
expiration of terms of certification or a reshaping on other specialty use paid
permits generally.
Concerning financing system after degree training of
experts, it should be noted the main thing: the high quality expert today — it
not only image and competitiveness of clinic, but also the clinic income.
The patient, first of
all, chooses the good expert, and then level of equipment of clinic by the
medical equipment and service conditions. For this reason administrations of
clinics have to be interested in financing of professional development of the
experts. The majority of heads of the organizations of the state form of ownership
don't show interest in professional development of the experts, referring to
absence in the estimate of the budgetary expenses of article on the specified
purposes [2].
Here advantages of non-state sector of the health care
which organizations have the right to solve independently, what experts to
prepare for them where them to train and how many means to direct on these
purposes are visually visible.
Among problems of post degree training of one of main
the weak material base of institutes and faculties of professional development
of doctors is.
Practically in an arsenal of teachers of advanced
training courses of doctors today there is only a lecture material, from visual
methods of training — tables and slides, the clinical material is limited by
opportunities which offices where this chair is based have.
Thus, estimating a today's condition of preparation
and professional development of experts, we see a set of organizational,
financial, technical and other problems.
Their gradual decision
taking into account today's realities, in our opinion, requires the solution of
the following tasks.
1. To reconsider system of training of specialists at
institute and faculties of improvement of doctors with a reference point on
priority mastering by the clinical skills, new techniques of diagnostics and
treatment, development of modern medical technologies.
2. To dig up budgetary resources or external
investments for improvement of educational and methodical, information and
material base of medical higher educational institutions, institutes and
faculties of improvement of doctors.
3. In medical higher educational institutions,
clinical and ordinary hospitals to create conditions for self-education (a
computerization of workplaces, carrying out scientific and practical
conferences with the invitation of leading experts in this or that, areas, the
organization of the exit educational and advisory help of specialists of large
scientific centers, etc.).
It should be noted also
that in the solution of the listed tasks it isn't obligatory to wait for the
help of the state. For realization of the majority of them the initiative of
institutes of improvement of doctors, medical clinics and experts is necessary.
Literature:
1. The message of
the Head of state N.A.Nazarbayev to the people of Kazakhstan of January 29,
2010 "New decade – new economic recovery – new opportunities of
Kazakhstan".
2. Nazarbayev N. A. To economy of
knowledge – through innovations and education: Lecture of the President of RK
at the Euroasian national university of L.N.Gumilev//In book: Euroasian
university and world of Eurasia. Prod. 2-e/Sost. : Abdymanapov S. A.
Seliverstov S. V. – Astana: ENU of L.N.Gumilev, 2008. – 713 pages.