Технические науки/5. Энергетика

Sakhno Y.N.

A. Baitursynov Kostanay State University

Analysis of street lighting of Kostanay region

Street lighting is one of the priority directions of development and modernization of Kostanay region.

The region is administratively divided into sixteen districts: Altynsarin, Amangeldi, Auliekol, Denisov, Fyodorov, Kamysty, Karabalyk, Karasu, Kostanay District, Mendykara, Nauyrzym, Sarykol, Taran, Uzunkol, Zhangeldi, Zhetikara. The following five localities in Kostanay region have town status: Kostanay, Arkalyk, Lisakovsk, Rudniy, and Zhetikara.

As an example, consider the condition of street lighting in Kostanay.

The length of networks street lighting in Kostanay is known to be 225 km as of January 1, 2012 from report of Kostanay Akim "On the Program of socio - economic development of Kostanay on 2012-2015 years". Every year in the town is restored 5 - 10 km of networks as part of the reconstruction of autoroads, but this is not enough [1].

Work schedule of the street luminaires is approved by Akimat of Kostanay and depends on the length of daylight. In early summer street luminaires must light up after 22.20 on the approved standards.

In autumn street luminaires are lit already earlier, about 20 hours. There are 86 substations on which are installed time relays, which programmed in accordance with astronomical time in Kostanay. Every day, they are automatically connected to light up the streets. The street luminaires work on only four streets all night: Abay Avenue, Al-Farabi Avenue, Taran str. and the Power Engineers str. These streets with intensive traffic are considered the most important. In winter time street luminaires are beginning to work about 18.00 p.m. and they are turned off in 1 a.m., and then they are turned on again from 6.00 to 8.30 a.m. [2].

Currently, the total number of work hours of street luminaires that located on secondary streets, which a large majority is about 2091.5 hours.

Total are approximately 300 streets (including avenues and districts) in Kostanay, excluding gardening societies, garage cooperatives, housing estates, which also need lighting.

About 10 streets can be considered as well-lit. The most illuminated streets of the town are - Abay Avenue, Al-Farabi Avenue, Rudniy road, street of soldiers-internationalists, Voroshilov str., Kairbekov str., Kubeev str., Chernyshevsky str., Central Square, and the road to the airport [3].

Most bulbs that used in our town are HPM bulbs and HPS-T bulbs of 250 and 400 watts. By the end of 2013 are only 10% of street luminaires of the town were luminaires with LED lamps.

In 2012 was released 13,561.8 MW/h of electric energy for street lighting in Kostanay region [4].

Multiplying electric energy’s consumption per hour by the number of operating hours of street luminaires per year and multiplying the result by tariff per kW for electric energy, we get the total amount of payment for street lighting - 435.96 bln tenge.

In addition to the costs of consumed electric energy are required significant costs for maintenance of street lighting networks.

It is obvious that the current system of street lighting needs changes. For the beginning, we need to start using LED luminaires and bulbs. LED bulbs are much more economic, safer, they have a longer lifetime, but their initial cost is higher than that of HPM and HPS-T bulbs. It is a deterrent in applying them. Besides of this measure, it is necessary to consider the use of solar and wind energy as an alternative to the existing lighting system. Big capital investments can pay off quite quickly considering the fact that there is no need of making a monthly payments for electric energy.

References:

1. Doklad akima goroda Kostanaja «O Programme social'no -jekonomicheskogo razvitija goroda Kostanaja na 2012-2015 gody».

2. Kostanajskij oblastnoj ezhenedel'nik «Nasha gazeta», URL: http://www.ng.kz/modules/newspaper/article.php?storyid=20189&start=15#.Uwi9IuN_sbA

3. Kostanajskij oblastnoj ezhenedel'nik «Nasha gazeta», URL:

http://www.ng.kz/modules/newspaper/article.php?numberid=156&storyid=9761

4. Departament statistiki Kostanajskoj oblasti, URL: http://www.kostanai.stat.kz/ru/