Ryzhkova Yu. A., Kalashnikova D. V.

Penza State University, Penza

Вranch of Moscow University named after S. Y. Witte, Penza

WAYS TO IMPROVE THE ECONOMIC SITUATION IN RUSSIA AFTER THE IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS

As measures to stirring up the structural changes in the Russian economy in the period of the most severe adverse impact of external economic and foreign policy conditions January 28, 2015 The Russian government promulgate a anti-crisis plan consisting of 60 points and designed for 2015-2016.

Table 1 summarizes the main provisions adopted by the Russian government's anti-crisis program [1].

№ п/п	Direction of anti-crisis plan	Main positions
1.	Сapitalization support of systemically important banks	- 300 billion rubles planned spend on financing « Vnesheconombank »; - 200 billion rubles will be allocated to submitting state guarantees on loans and borrowing, attracted large companies.
2.	Support for agriculture	The Russian government in 2015 to allocate 50 billion rubles for state support of agriculture, as well as more on 2 billion to subsidize discounts on domestic production and on agricultural techniques domestically produced and on property contribution the authorized capital of the company «Rosagroleasing».
3.	Business support	To finance small investment companies planned to allocate 5 billion. Rubles, as well as: - simplification of procedures for the recognition of one kind or another business of small and medium-sized enterprises; - limiting the number of conducted FAS inspections; - reducing the tax burden.
4.	Compensations for the most vulnerable categories citizens	Anti-crisis plan calls for: - getting families entitled to maternity capital in 2015, lump-sum payment in the amount of 20 thousand rubles; - indexation of pensions insurance (allocated 188 billion rubles); - the fight against unemployment (be spent 52.2 billion rubles); - improvement drug supply citizens and reimbursement of expenses, associated with changes in the exchange rate the acquisition of imported medicines (incorporated in the plan of 16 billion. rubles).
5.	Support for import substitution and export	- Ministry of Industry and Trade, Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Communications, Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Economic Development July 1, must prepare the documents for the implementation of programs of import substitution; - will be accepted financial measures: 3 billion rubles will be allocated to subsidize interest rates «Roseximbank» on loans issued within the framework of support the export of high-tech products.
6.	10 percent reduction consumables articles budget for 2015	Over the next three years, government spending should be reduced as minimum on 5% per year, so that by the year 2017 to achieve a balanced budget. Provide their reduction assumed, primarily, due to the exclusion inefficient costs, for example, by reducing the costs of the functioning of public authorities.

Although, list of anti-crisis measures is not final and may be subsequently expanded, a total of, the volume of the budgetary financing reaches about 1.3 trillion. rubles. Taking account of 1 trillion rubles, already allocated on capitalization support banking system, the cost of measures to support the economy will be 2.33 trillion. rubles. Speaking of anti-crisis plan, Putin stressed that its implementation should ensure social stability.

As another anti-crisis measures include a decline in the Bank of Russia the key rate from 17 to 15% for the first time in its existence as a main landmark cost money in the economy - in September of 2013.

Rate cut gives the ability to run lending to the real sector, what is one of the objectives of anti-crisis plan. The Government expect that the «stabilization of commodity markets and accepted jointly with the Bank of Russia measures will allow normalize the situation in the foreign exchange market and create the conditions for a significant reduction in nominal interest rates and increase the availability of credit»[2].

Reduction of the Central Bank key rate from 17 to 15% - this is a step in this direction. Interest rates on loans after a sharp rise in price of money in the economy became virtually prohibitive for small and medium-sized businesses, and large companies. From December on lowering rates insisted as representatives of business, so and the bankers themselves. The impact of key rate on the economy now difficult to predict, and therefore rate cut may not have the negative impact on inflation.

Many experts believe that the reduction of the Bank of Russia the key rate at 2% can do little in order to improve the situation. So, example, the chief economist at Capital Group BCS Tikhomirov believes that the interest rate and a 15% and 17% - the same «prohibitively high», hence the effect of reducing the rate of growth of investment will be zero. Tikhomirov also believes that if the Central Bank lowered the rate by 10 percentage points, he could be a positive effect on the economy [2].

How yet sees output to improve the economic situation in the country? Participants of the All-Russian Civic Forum in Moscow, which was held in November 2014 with the participation of A. Kudrin suggested for the development of civil society in Russia improve public control, provide information transparency, as well as to develop the concept of national cultural policy, free from departmental restrictions. Kudrin, speaking at the forum, said: «At the beginning of this year, the country has already objectively and without sanctions began to slow down rates economic growth. On the fundamental structural problems superimposed known external problems».

Need time to domestic production adjusted in conditions sanction. In the meantime, the national economy is only beginning to show negative aspects. On the correctness actions Government of the State in many respects will depend, what the consequences of economic sanctions will prevail: the development of domestic production, or the deterioration of the economy.

Bibliography of literature

1. Anushevskaya A. What is the essence the anti-crisis plan of the Government of the Russian Federation for 2015-2016 years? – Arguments and Facts (access mode) URL: http://www.aif.ru/dontknows/actual/antikrizisnyi_plan_pravitelstva_Rossii_na_2015-2016_gody.

2. The Bank of Russia has supported the government in dealing with the crisis – TASS news agency in Russia – (access mode) URL: http://tass.ru/ekonomika/1735200.