Amirova Meizkhan Zholdybayevna
Kazakh National University after al-Farabi
Education
mechanisms of interactive learning method
In the socio-economic development of any country, the sphere of
education is a top priority, thus, its potential growth, competitiveness and
achievement of the main goal ofthe welfare of the people heavily depend on the
quality of education.
Therefore, the relevance of issues as increasing the competitiveness
of education, modernization of educational system in accordance with the needs
of society and the industrial-innovative development of the countryis noted
in the State Program for Education Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan
for 2011-2020 [1].
In this regard, we should emphasize the role of the teacher in the
educational settings, that is, schools, colleges and universities, and the need
for high competence in the organization of complete pedagogical process in
educational institutions.
The prestige of pedagogical science and practice is largely determined
by the willingness of teachers to master innovations within the learning
innovative technologies, teachers’ skills and their breadth knowledge of the
discipline’s theory and methods of teaching.
Thus, the majority of teachers skilfully usevarious teaching
technologies during the lessons and interactive learning method among them has
become one of the most popular methodsin the last decade.
«Interact» in translation from English means "active
cooperation" [2]. That is, students have the opportunity for an active
discussion of the lesson’s topic, expressing their own opinions, making
suggestions, learning to interact with different people whithin the same group.
At the same time, the teacher plays the role of organizer and coordinator of
the pedagogical process. It is clear that the method of conducting lessons by
using interactivelearning methods and techniques requires careful preparation
of the teachers with the plans, tasks, issues and didactic materials.
Experienced teachers who use interactive learning method, prepare a
sufficiently large number of handouts from the small literary texts to books,
newspapers and magazines, which may cause cognitive interest and to intensify
the activities of students in the lesson.
There is no doubt that a lot of time is needed to prepare for the
training sessions in order to use the interactive method. It is necessary for
the teacher to read a certain amount of literature, choose the potential
material,allocate the small parts to use, definethe time on their reading of
the students in the classroom.
In an interactive method, activitiesof students such as reading,
writing, speaking, listening and thinking take an important role. Accordingly,
by selecting methods and techniques of teaching, teacher plans to improve the
quality of reading and writing letters, the development of speech and mental
activitiesof students by using this method.
For example, the conversation method is determined by asking questions.The
method of interactive conversation involves the participants’ dialogue, where
the quality of the responses is clearly dependent on the ability to ask
questions. The questions should have a strict sequence which provides a logical
content, in turn, they have to be accurate and concise. There are so-called
methods:
• Socratic conversation;
• a method of unfolded conversation;
• a method of cross-discussions, debates;
• method of creating problematic situations and others.
All these methods are based on questions and answers. The role of the
teacher is the abilities to skillfully guide the conversation or
debate,encourage meaningful answers and their arguments, clearly define the
issues to coordinate the interaction of students.
In theory, educational mechanisms define the relationship between its
members in a complete pedagogical process, which might be characterized as
follows: student-student, teacher-student, student tothe group of students and
a group of students to a teacher.
A well-known Kazakh scientist, author of the theory of complete
pedagogical process N.D. Khmel states: "If the relationship of the teacher
and pupils are built on mutual respect and trust (as in a good family), on
mutual responsibility, then everything which is done by the teacher is
perceived positively and provides additional reinforcement of other factors,
including the identity of the educator ... "[3, 122]. This is the essence
of the first educational mechanism. And further: "The second educational
mechanism is a pedagogical process which no less important than the first. This
relationship between the students "[3, 123].
Educational mechanisms in interactive learning contribute to the
formation of students' personality such important qualities as:
• tolerance;
• communicative;
• responsibility;
• correctness;
• creativeness;
• a culture of interaction;
• respect for the opinions of others (perhaps just the opposite);
• sensitivity;
• care;
• empathy.
Students learn to cooperate, work individually and in pairs or in a
group in an interactive mode. Consequently, it will be created a learning
situation where each member of the group should show their qualities and
abilities by doing the tasks. And in this situation, there is an opportunity
for students to develop cognitive activities, creativeness, quality of
formation of mutual understanding, mutual support, the responsibility of
eachfor the quality the common task.
It is worth to note that interactive learning method related to the
presented situations or making clusters, graphic organizers, work on the
preparation of educational crosswords, puzzles and so on. The interest which
raised by the fulfillment of common group tasks promotes increasing intellect,
expanding outlook, educating friendly relationship with each other, creating
atmospheres of creativity and the joy of learning in the collective.
The teacher could come to each group during the lesson and interact with
a whole group or with an individual by asking questions and they define
contributions which were made by individuals to the common task of the group by
observing students cooperation.Often, a
timid, shy student by participating in doing group tasks shows creativeness
with an interest in reading, writing and thinking.
Educational mechanisms of interactive learninghave particular importance
in the development of the quality of tolerancein man. In everyday life, we
often see such a picture, when people in the dialogue showing impatience,
interrupting each other, increasing the tone of voice, expressing
dissatisfaction with each other. In the interactive learningmethod, students
learn to show respect for the opinions of others. Perhaps this opinion might
quite be opposite, but the ability to listen and find good arguments to
convince a dialogue partner of his or her rightness, and talking convincingly
byjustification, thus, these are the rules of interactive methods of promoting
a culture of interaction and tolerance.
The interaction, willingness to share knowledge and experience,
empathy, is also featured interactive
learning method. Only the mutual understanding of the participants in the
pedagogical process is able to improve joint action in creation a creative
atmosphere in the group, to achieve the objectives of the teaching sessions.
There is no doubt that in the effective of implementationof interactive
learning method, the teacher requires careful preparation, related to the
planning of all the details of the lesson: handout, selection of methods and
techniques, reading the main and supplementary literature, defining time for
each method or technique training, readiness to answer questions. It is
important to pay attention to the educational process of pedagogical mechanisms
that play a huge role in shaping the personality significant qualities of
students.
1. State programme of educational development in the republic of Kazakhstan
for 2011–2020. Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan,
Astana, 2010
2. OxfordRussianminidictionary. - English-russian
//40.000 words and expressions 60.000 translations. - Oxforduniversitypress. 2008.
3. Khmel N.D. Theoretical foundations of preparation of the teacher.
Almaty: Gylym, 1998