Nazarov Y.Zh., Musaeva E.A., Talimova
G.U.
Karaganda Economic university of Kazpotrebsouz,
Kazakhstan
Alliance of government and private
business
In modern conditions of the crisis period the revival of economic
activity and business activity in the region is determined by the use of
special tools and methods of stimulation, and the presence of institutions of
the territory, validity of legislative framework, development of market
infrastructure, the use of modern technologies in the implementation of
regional management.
The economy of some developed and, more recently, developing
countries, extensive use of a new special form of cooperation between the state
and private business. This particular form of partnership, usually denoted by
the term Public Private Partnership (PPP). term public-private partnership is
used in Russian literature, based on a clear definition of the leading role of
the state in the Russian reality [1].
Public-private partnership - this form of activity of the state and the
private sector, with the aim of developing the most significant infrastructure
and ensure high-quality services businesses and society.
Actually, the term "public-private partnership" (PPP, Public
Private Partnership) appeared in the early 90s. XX century. And related mainly
to the "British model" PPP. In 1992, the government announced that D.
Major "Private Finance Initiative» (Private Finance Initiative - PFI),
which was a modernized concept of management of state property. The essence of
the PFI was that within the framework of contracts and on public-private
partnership agreements to transfer to the private sector finance functions of
socio - cultural and industrial infrastructure, state-owned. This radical
change in the public administration system in the UK has resulted in a
significant transformation in the institutional environment, as well as in the
relations between the state apparatus and the private.
Consider the concept of PPPs Analysis B. Varnav:
1. It is necessary to emphasize the point indicated that the PPP - it
privatization form, State, transferring ownership of disposal of objects of
infrastructure to the private sector remains the owner of these facilities;
2. State unilaterally to fulfill its basic function livelihoods and
businesses, it remains responsible to the company for the operation of
infrastructures;
3. In order to ensure an appropriate level of services to private
enterprises to create a definition of control and regulation system;
4. Interaction of the parties in the PPP is attached to the official,
juridical basis (agreement, agreements, contracts, etc.);
5. In the process of implementation of PPP projects the available assets
of the parties (Resources and contributions) are combined;
6. All the risks in PPP projects are divided between the state and
business in the proportions according to the mutual agreements contained in the
relevant agreements, contracts, agreements, etc.
Each participant of the project contributes to the overall development
of the project. For example, the business provides financial resources,
professional experience, flexibility, fast adaptation and efficiency in
decision-making, shows the effective management and innovative ability. At the
same time introduced the so-called "know-how" in technologies and
management methods in the implementation of projects, and develop relationships
with suppliers and contractors, which increases the demand for highly skilled
workers in the labor market [2].
The interest of the state is that it can shift part of the costs for
maintenance and investment property in the private sector. Also, due to the
lease and concession payments, government agencies are an additional source of
revenue in the budget.
Forms of public-private partnership are:
State contracts as an administrative agreement, drawn up between the
government and a private firm to carry out a particularly useful and necessary
activities: contracts for works on financing, design, construction, the
provision of public services, to manage, to supply the state needs to provide
technical assistance and etc.
Joint public-private enterprises. They are created mainly through
incorporation or through equity participation of the parties without the
issuance of shares. The degree of freedom of the private sector is determined
by the share of the parties in the capital. Also, depending on the proportion
of such risks are distributed among the participants.
Production Sharing Agreement. This shape resembles a traditional
concession, but still has some differences. The concession is said that the
released products are wholly owned by the concessionaire, in the case of this
form of government, the private partner is only entitled to a portion of which
are specified in a special agreement.
It is known that the public-private partnership is an institutional and
organizational alliance of the government and the private sector for the
purpose of realization of socially significant projects in a wide range of
fields of activity - from the development of strategically important sectors of
the economy to provide public services in the entire country or individual
territories.
The mechanism of public-private partnerships can provide, above all, the
possibility of socially significant projects in the shortest possible time,
unattractive for traditional forms of private financing, and secondly, to
increase the effectiveness of projects through participation in the private
sector tend to be more effective on the market, than state institutions. In
addition, while ensuring reduction of the burden on the budget by attracting
private funds and transcriptions of the user-cost, the ability to attract the
best managerial personnel, equipment and technology, improve the quality of
end-user services [3].
In addition, PPP found spread in the field of transport,
telecommunications, energy, agriculture, public utilities, education and health
and other sectors of infrastructure and social services.
It is obvious that both sides of the partnership interest in the
successful implementation of projects in general. PPP projects facilitate
access to world capital markets, encourage foreign investment in the real
economy. Of particular importance is the PPP for the economy of the regions
where it is based on developing local capital markets, goods and services, and
where each partner contributes to the overall project.
For its part, the state provides a proper powers-nick, the possibility
of providing tax and other incentives, guarantees, as well as material and
financial resources. The PPP government has an opportunity to engage in the
execution of its core functions - control, regulation, compliance with the
public interest. As the PPP government in infrastructure can gradually shift
the focus of their activities - with particular problems of construction and
operation of facilities in the administrative and control functions. The
inherent business risks while redistributed towards business. Social
significance of the PPP is that ultimately benefit society as a consumer better
services.
Considering the PPP as an economic category, it can be said that
public-private partnership - is a new emerging market investments, which has
its own specific features, which are closely linked to the innovation economy.
Since it is impossible to implement without investment innovation, and without
innovation there is no sense to develop a public-private partnership, in full
compliance with the PPP system in the market has its own characteristics of
functioning, its mechanism of interaction, its forms and principles.
References:
1. Public-private partnership: world experience and Russian practice /
http: // knowledge.allbest.ru
2. http: // simst. bsu.by// Proceedings of the international scientific
conference of young scientists / Shkodinskaya AS Corporate social
responsibility as a phenomenon of the market economy 17 April 2015., S.149-151
3. http://kzppp.kz/wp-content/uploads// Bulletin of public-private
partnership