Economics /10. Economy of enterprise
Lomazov V.A., Trubavin D.S.
Belgorod State Agriculture Academy, Russia
Reengineering
of the system of procurement
commodity-material assets
On the
modern stage the new approaches are required to reorganizing the production and
economic activities of the enterprises. The unstable economic situation in the
countries of Europe, changes in the political sphere, as well as the growing
competition attach to this issue are of particular relevance. Reorganization of
business-processes can be linked with the improvement of the industry, through
a gradual lifting of technical solutions to a new level, and with the
reengineering - the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business
processes to achieve dramatic improvements in the basic indicators of activity
of the enterprises [1,2].
In this work the problem
is considered on the example of enterprises of the mining industry. Questions
of reengineering previously discussed in many papers (for example, [2-4]),
however, these studies do not allow to fully take into account the specifics of
mining, requiring an integrated approach. In the work of the task is solved in
development of criteria for evaluation preference.
Consider
a production-economic scheme of functioning of the enterprise on extraction of
mineral resources, with consideration of the subsystems, reflecting the
peculiarity of mining and extractive industries [5,6] (figure 1).
As a
rule, for ore-mining enterprises of the initial stage of the
production-economic process is the delivery of the commodity and material
valuables (hereinafter referred to as commodities). Commodities may be
subdivided into: equipment involved in the production process (dumpers,
conveyors and ball mills), raw materials for the manufacture of the product
(e.g., fluxing and binding materials for the production of metal pellets) and
other commodities (for example, furniture, equipment, household appliances).
Activities on the delivery of the inventory are: determination of the needs and
the drafting of the nomenclature of commodities, search of potential suppliers,
the delivery of technical and commercial proposals, preparation and approval of
the transport schemes.
Fig. 1.
The scheme of functioning of the enterprise on extraction of mineral resources
The
supply of commodities and materials plays an important role in the production
and economic system of the mining industry, and its volumes and nomenclature
directly depend on the scale and types of activity of the enterprises. The
production activity of mining enterprises include:
- the
main manufacturing (i.e., processes associated with the production of basic
production;
- auxiliary production (or activities conducive to the production of
basic production, for example, the repair of equipment, provision of energy
resources);
- product production (activity connected with the manufacture of
products from waste raw materials or refurbishment of used auxiliary materials
for the needs of production or sales. The kind of production include the
production and sale of overburden rocks, for example, chalk, sand clay, shale,
which can be used in the production of mineral binders and other materials);
- side production (or activities
aimed at the preparation of raw materials for production and packaging for
products realization);
- serving facilities (for example, transport, storage);
- scientific-research, experimental-design and technological works aimed
at the improvement of the quality of manufactured products.
In addition to the main production activity of mining enterprises may
carry out other activities: protection of the environment, consisting of the
industrial-ecological and industrial-analytical control, capital construction
(for example, the expansion of career, replacement of mining equipment), social
activities related to the cultural and domestic service workers, etc.
The final stage of the operation, in General, determining all the
stages, is the process of marketing the primary and secondary products. This
phase includes the following activities in the exploration of the market,
formation of base of preferences of consumers and encourage them to shopping,
contacts and the conclusion of contracts with buyers, transport and
distribution logistics, and shipping (leave) goods.
For the serious increase in the volume and quality of produced products,
restructuring of enterprises and minimize costs in the supply of commodities
and materials arises the necessity of application of reengineering. The
specificity of mining and extractive industries allows to carry out
reengineering of only with realization of all stages of the production-economic
process of extraction of mineral resources. Figure 2 shows the scheme of
reengineering of business-processes of the enterprises of the mining industry.
Since the
reengineering is aimed at reorganization of business-processes "on
top", that it is impossible without marketing research of the market of
sales of the products. At this stage, the analysis of demand for manufactured
products, the price situation, the presence of competitors on the market, and
the current structure of shipments of the enterprise. The obtained results
serve as a starting point for reorganizing the subsystem of product sales,
which in turn should be flexible and adapted to the further behavior of the
market. At this stage is the reorientation of the subsystem for the
implementation of new types of products, the design of undeveloped marketing
channels, as well as the adoption of new strategies and methods of promotion
products. In parallel, there is a technological and design preparation of
production, which aims to reform the industrial system, and is in development
and introduction of technological processes of mining enterprises, calculation
of production capacities, standards of consumption of materials and energy
resources, development of technical projects, manufacture and introduction of
new working products. Such changes are subject to assessment of economic
efficiency of production, which is conducted at an early and final stages of
the technological and design preparation.
Fig. 2. Reengineering of
business-processes of the enterprises of the mining industry.
The final
stage of reengineering of business-processes of the enterprises is in
reorganizing the subsystem of deliveries of commodities and materials, shown in
figure 3.
Fig. 3. Reengineering of the
subsystem of deliveries of commodities and materials
Procurement activities of
mining and extractive industries are
very versatile and has a wide range. Thus, a re-engineering
was originally organized by a detailed analysis of the necessary volume
and variety of commodities shipped. Then, a reorganization
of the Market study of procurement, which aims to develop criteria to select the most favorable preference of
suppliers, as well as a method for its implementation. Then the prediction is made and
the restructuring of the existing schemes for the supply
of commodities uninterrupted,
timely, and quality of the production
process.
References
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