Педагогические  науки / 5.Современные методы преподавания

Azirkhanova Madina, Satmaganbetova Zhanar

Kostanay State University named A.Baitursynov

Advantages and shortcomings of electronic textbooks

The good textbook was highly appreciated and was at all times reliable base for mastering a subject. In the conditions of a wide circulation of new information technologies, informatization of education not only the role of the textbook, but which often has turned into electronic, it also increased gained absolutely new information properties which use allows to increase efficiency of process of training considerably.

Electronic textbooks were originally developed as manuals for distantion education. But eventually those ample opportunities which they give for educational process, caused introduction of electronic textbooks in self-education programs, as well as as replacements of usual paper textbooks in educational process.

The is possible to call the main advantages of electronic textbooks[1]:

- Function of fast search. Information indexation in the printing edition if is present, its opportunities are very limited. The electronic textbook gives opportunity quickly and precisely to find the necessary information on any demanded inquiry.

- Possibility of the individual organization and structuring information in the form of the hypertext. Such system gives opportunity to unite the most important information blocks in one logical chain. It positively influences perception of a training material and promotes its best comprehensibility.

- Multimedia functions. They give the chance to use in a training material not only an illustration, but also audio and video records. It in many respects promotes improvement of quality of training and much better then pages of the usual textbook, and are held by attention of the pupil, fully concentrating it on educational process.

- Interactive modeling. Pupils have an opportunity to carry out a set of virtual experiments, for example, at the biology or physics, chemistry. And virtual experiments can be both simple, and quite difficult, such which in school laboratory couldn't simply be repeated. It is possible to work with three-dimensional graphic models of molecules and atoms, for example.

- Interactive system of self-examination. It gives the chance to the pupil in convenient (sometimes game) to a form to estimate level of the knowledge.

Considering these opportunities in a complex, it is possible to tell that the electronic textbook differs from the classical paper. It gives much more ample opportunities, both for training within existing programs, and for development and optimization of educational process[2].

But reducing physical activity of school students who with the advent of electronic textbooks shouldn't carry with itself a pile paper, it is possible to cause the mass of other problems, including with health of children.

Along with a large amount of advantages it should be noted and shortcomings of electronic means[2-3:

1 . Sharply increase load of sight. At misoperation can provoke development of short-sightedness, dryness of an eye and, as a result, an inflammation and conjunctivitis. Doctors admit that today technical novelties at schools appear so quickly that they don't manage to study, whether children can give them in a charge, without being afraid for their health.

2 . The children who using only electronic textbooks, lose possibility of communication with the contemporaries therefore EU have to be used for children only as an additional method of training. The time spent has to be at the computer strictly limited and alternate with outdoor games, it is desirable on air.

3 . Remote education isn't suitable for skill to communicate development. At distance learning personal contact of pupils with each other and with teachers is minimum, and even at all is absent. Therefore such form of education isn't suitable for development of skill to communicate, confidence, skills of work in team.

4 . Training in the specialties assuming a large number of a practical training, is remotely complicated. Even the most modern exercise machines won't replace to future physicians or teachers of "live" practice.

5 . Today the prices of electronic means still considerably exceed the prices of traditional textbooks.

In summary we would like to tell that the central figure of process of training and in the future there will be a teacher. The computer will play important, but a supporting role. The main task of use of multimedia and in general any new technologies in education, is granting to the teacher and the pupil of the maximum freedom of choice of forms and methods of work and simplification of transfer of knowledge from training to the trainee. The computer has to supplement, instead of substitute traditional manuals (including the habitual textbook).

References

1 ГОСТ РК «Информационная технология. Электронное издание». Электронное учебное издание. 2005

2 Башмаков И.А. Разработка компьютерных учебников и обучающих систем. – М.: Информационно-издательский дом “Филин”, 2003.

3 Компетентностный подход. Инновационные методы и технологии обучения: учебно-методическое пособие/сост. Н.В.Соловова, С.В. Николаева. – Самара: «Универс групп», 2009.