Абдраманова А. К.,Таджибаева А.А.

Региональный социально – инновационный университет

Stylistic Functions of Poetic and Highly Literary Words

According to V.Vinogradov "... the cobweb of poetic words and images veils the reality, stylizing it according to the established literary norms and canons [1]. A word is tom away from its referent. Being drawn into the system of literary styles, the words are selected and arranged in groups of definite images, in phraseological series, which grow standardized and stale and are becoming conventional symbols of definite phenomena or characters or of definite ideas or impressions." In accordance with that, veiling the reality and creation of the special elevated atmosphere of poetry are said to be the main functions of poetic words. In the sonnet given below William Shakespeare managed to create the atmosphere of poetry with the help of highly elevated words (in the sonnet these words are italicised):

Ø to veil the reality and creation of the special elevated atmosphere

So is it not with me as with that Muse

Stirr'd by a painted beauty to his verse,

Who heaven itself for ornament doth use And every fair with his fair doth rehearse,

Making a couplement of proud compare,

With sun and moon, with earth and sea's rich gems,

With April's first-born flowers, and all things rare

That heaven's air in this huge rondure hems.

O, let me, true in love, but truly write,

And then believe me, my love is as fair

As any mother's child, though not so bright As those gold candles fix'd in heaven's air:

Let them say more that like of hearsay well;

I will not praise that purpose not to sell

But all unconscious of the coming doom,

The feast, the song, the revel here abounds;

Strange modes of merriment the hours consume,

Nor bleed these patriots with their country's wounds;

Nor here War's clarion, but Love’s reback sounds;

Here Fu//v still his votaries inthralls;

And young-eyed Lewdness walks her midnight rounds;

Girt with the silent crimes of Capitals,

Still to the last kind Vice clings to the totf ring walls

Not so the rustic - with his trembling mate.

He lurks, nor casts his heavy eye afar,

Lest he should view his vineyard desolate,

Blasted below the dun hot breath of War.

No more beneath soft Eve’s consenting star Fandango twirls his jocund castanet:

Ah, monarchs! could ye taste the mirth ye mar,

Not in the toils of Glory would ye fret;

The hoarse dull drum would sleep,

and Man be happy yet! [2]

In poetry of classicism and romanticism poetic words often fulfill the stylistic function of adorning the poetry language. Therefore, the function of poetic words used by a poet depends on the certain matter of statement. But it is still possible to point out the common features of poetic words. When used by romantics the functions of poetic words correspond to their world outlook, their main ideal and literary direction. Poetic words of romantics promote to reveal the mood of the poet which is characterised by deviation from the reality, by solitude.

Ø to produce satirical and ironical effect:

He pored upon the leaves, and on the flowers,

And heard a voice in all the winds; and then

He thought of wood-nymphs and immortal bowers

And when he looked upon his watch again He found how much old Time has been a winner - He also found that he had lost his dinner. [2]

In "Don Juan" Byron is satirical. He invited his readers to be involved in the poem, to laugh with him at his hero, and to question their own values and the values of their society. These lines from "Don Juan" illustrate Byron's use of irony. The sudden changes in style and context (from immortal nature to losing his dinner) are common in Byron's poetry. Here the style helps Byron comically to show that love of nature can have its problems.

But Adeline was not indifferent: for

(Now for a common-place!) beneath the snow,

As a volcano holds the lava more

Within - et cetera. Shall I go on? - No,

I hate to hunt down a tired metaphor,

So let the often-used volcano go.

Poor thing: How frequently, by me and others,

It hath been stirred up till its smoke quite smothers! [2]

Poetical words in an ordinary environment may also have a satirical function, as it is seen in this passage from Byron. The satirical function of poetic words and conventional poetic devices is well revealed in this stanza. The "tired metaphor" and the "often-used volcano" are typical of Byron's estimate of the value of conventional metaphors and stereotyped poetical expressions.

Literature:

1. Виноградов В.В. О языке художественной прозы. – М.: Гослитиздат, 1980. – 360 с.

2. www.gutenberg.org/files/21700/21700-h/21700-h.htm

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