Alhanova À. B.
Erdzhanov
T. K. (scientific adviser)
Kazakh
National University named after Al-Farabi, the Republic of Kazakhstan
Children protection from harmful for their growth information of Internet
global network.
Before the
appearance of modern informational technologies, mass media issued by magazines’
and newspapers’ copies, however with the development of informational and communicational
technologies mass media can affect on large audience through the modern
techniques. During the last decades, with the development of informational
technologies people moved from book page to computer screen. 1986 year is
considered to be the beginning of world computer net formation. Since then its
popularity increases and gains large percent rate.
With the
appearance of Internet global network people are able to communicate with each other
in spite of great distance, learn a lot of new interesting information
clandestinely and a host of other things. However, apart from advantages, there are many disadvantages of Internet
global network, in particular, the raise of cyber crimes in the sphere of
economics and credit-finance activity. Another problem of no little interest is
harmful information causing negative effect on society, especially on children.
Since children are part of vulnerable group which is easy to fall under informational-psychological
pressure.
It follows
that mass media, especially Internet network, may content not only authoritative
information, which threatens for healthy growth of whole world’s children.
What is
harmful information? Harmful information is considered to be an any non
confidential information, which can be spread among any community, especially
children, containing potential danger for psychical and physical health.
All “harmful” for children information can be
classified as follows:
·
Propaganda. Information, encouraging
or advertising all manner of social complex
activities – health injury or suicide, alcohol, tobacco or other narcotic drug consumption,
gambling, prostitution, mendicancy, people
and animal abuse, disrespect for family, nontraditional sexual relates, lawlessness.
·
Strong language and other terms of
abuse.
·
Pornographic information and
sexual relationship in the form of
images or description.
·
Violence and frighten
content. Direct image or description (not advertisement) of violence, lawlessness,
cruelty, diseases, suicide, accident involving injuries, crash or disaster and
(or) its consequences;
·
Personal information about child,
which allows to state his personality and location. [1]
Despite
more than 100 states of the world have their own legal basis, which aimed to protect
children from harmful information and every state is ready to work for healthy future
for children, there is no full and universal international document solving this
problem.
Comparing
with other states, China has the largest code of laws regulating informational
sphere. This code includes children protection law from harmful for their
growth information.
Article
11 of PR China Law on minor protection of 1992 the duty of parents/guardians is preventative measures of ruinous practice
among minors (under 18 years of age ) including Internet addiction. Article 33 of
the same Law Ñòàòüÿ 33 rests
responsibility upon government to prevent Internet addiction among youth. In addition
to the above government undertakes promotion of technologies/services development
which serves this aim and “aid health growth of minors”. Article 34 creates criminal liability for sale, lease and/or expansion
among minors materials which are “pernicious for minors”. It includes “audiovisual
production, electronic publications and net information of pornography,
violence, murders, terrorism and gambling” [2]
Along with
other states, USA passed the Law “On children Internet protection” in October
2000, which limits children access to unacceptable materials if Internet global
network. An additional point is that in USA acts a Law “On children’s
confidentiality protection in Internet” covering children under 13 years of age.
In European
countries act European Council decisions 2000/375/JHA
of May 29, 2000 and 2004/68/JHA of December 22, 2003, aimed on
children protection from pornography and sexual exploitation of children in
Internet network. Also countries- EC members are obliged to delete any child
pornography, posted on their territory and to collaborate with other countries
to control harmful information in Internet network on international level.
While one state passes laws, another one processes various detailed plans
for children protection, for example, in November 2006 Canadian
internet-providers made «Cleanfeed Canada» project. This project blocks access
to hundreds sites with child pornography. In Singapore also acts own state regulator
named MDA blocking “harmful” for children information.
There are several types of technical control of harmful information:
- forced filtration systems;
- self regulation;
- «black list».
Unfortunately, nowadays there is no technical mechanism, providing 100% safe
online medium for children.
References: