Economics
/ 1. Economy
Master
of Economics, Okutayeva S.T.
S.
Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University.
Astana,
Kazakhstan
Development
of innovations as the basis of competitiveness of Kazakhstan's economy
In today's competitive global environment problems of improving the
stability and competitiveness of the national economy become the most
important. The Republic of Kazakhstan has certain goals, the implementation of
which will lead our country to a number of developed and high-tech countries.
In his address to the nation, President Nazarbayev N.A. proposed strategy of
Kazakhstan entering the number of the most developed and competitive countries,
which identified seven priority areas for development. One of these priorities
is the "development of modern education and advanced science."
Currently, Kazakhstan is experiencing a situation of having a certain
scientific potential with low innovation and technological development of the
majority of domestic enterprises. Considering the scale of existing problems
related to increasing the level of innovation, it became necessary to create
centers capable of innovation activity by building research institutions to
attract foreign scientists for joint research activities.
In a market economy, innovation is a powerful factor in crisis
management, because the use of new technologies, new methods of organization
and management of production lead to a reduction of production costs, lower
prices, increasing of profit margins, which stimulate new needs, increase reputation (image) of the company
and conquest of new markets.
The meaning of "innovation" in English is “developing a
comprehensive process of creation, distribution and use of innovation that
promotes the development and performance of entrepreneurial firms”. In other
words, innovation is understood as the new method, an invention or a new
phenomenon.
For Kazakhstan, in determining the course of innovation, as a priority,
it is necessary to understand that the most important will be not so much
innovation, as it is, but the willingness of its perception and implementation
in the real economic and business processes.
It is important not just to diversify the economy in favor of
manufacturing and service-technology sectors, but in a relatively short period
of time to learn how to make products better, faster and cheaper. Therefore
approaches should be mixed, from industrial -innovative approaches to
innovative- industrial, as well as factor of technological foresight should be
enhanced.
The set of participants in the innovative process form a system, which
has specific features from country to country. In economics, the system
inherent in a particular country is traditionally called the national
innovation system (NIS).
The national innovation system is a set of inter-related institutions
(structures), engaged in the production and commercialization of science and
technology within national borders (small and large companies, universities,
government laboratories, technology parks and incubators). At the same time,
the NIS is a set of legal, financial and social institutions, which provide
innovation and have strong national roots, traditions, political and cultural
characteristics.
The role of innovation in today's world it is difficult to overestimate.
Innovations perform both economic and social function; cover all aspects of
society, affecting the personal questions. In the long term perspective without
innovation there is no possible further economic and cultural growth of the
intensive development path.
References:
1.
The program for the formation and development of the national innovation system
of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2005-2015.
2.
Yasin Ye., Snow M. The role of innovation in the global economy / Economic
Issues, ¹ 8, 2010
3.
Zhdanova O.A. The role of innovation in the modern economy. / Economics,
Management, Finance, ¹ 6, 2011.
4
Ryszhanova K.J. Innovation Policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan /
http://iee.org.ua
5.
Kosherbaev K.Zh. Scientific-technical and innovation policy of Kazakhstan /
http://www.rusnauka.com
6.
http://ru.government.kz