Tomashevska S.O.

A postgraduate student of the Pedagogical and Psychological Faculty of Kirovograd State Pedagogical University named after V.Vinnichenko

Family Upbringing as the Main Problem of Modern Science

A family is a main structural part of the society, its forming base. A new person is born here, a new generation is brought up, a kin is continued.

A family is a rather reserved unit of people who make and protect their inner world but at the same time it is open for influences of the whole surrounding world. It quickly and sharply reacts to changes which happen in the society subjecting to the action both positive and negative factors. Family life shows those processes brightly which the whole society endures. Even inner relations do not make only by the will of the family’s members and under the influence of outside (social) conditions.

Society is developing too quickly that some people just are not managing and are lost in the maelstrom of socio-economic and geopolitical processes. The absence of economic stability (a high labor busyness of the parents or problems to have a job) and a reorientation of life values (from the moral and spiritual sphere to material and household) cause the decreasing the number of family’s members: the number of families with one child is increasing, which also leads to a certain alienation between children and the child’s egoism; couples without children and left children are appearing. All this facts together make a crisis of the family’s upbringing, which is also a topical peculiarity of the world in the XXI century. This problem shows in the following things:

· lowering the general level of family’s upbringing;

· changing orientations and criteria of the upbringing;

· using unreasonable forms and methods of the upbringing influence;

· weakening spiritual connections between family’s members;

· indeterminate the child’s status and place.

Characterizing a modern family we should emphasized that it has changed from a social institute into a small social group that has such tendencies of development:

• decreasing of the official marriages;

• living the matrimonial couples without a marriage registration;

• increasing of divorces;

• decreasing the number of the repeated marriages;

• deferring of the time to enter a marriage;

• increasing the number of lone people who do not get married;

• increase the number of incomplete families and children who have not been born in the marriage;

• decreasing the sizes of the family because of the absence or a small number of children.

All this facts have an influence on qualitative indicators of existing the family’s institute. We should note, that modern families try to dissociate from a country and society in general, changing priorities of own function. In a such way a main orientation is fixed on a child and it is accompanied the changing of the parents’ role positions. Parents try not to bring up a high-moral and harmoniously developed personality with own moral and ethical opinions and beliefs, value concepts and life positions as open themselves in a child, other words to realize at the expense of a child. So the first question is the adequacy and the responsibility of inner relations in the family especially the problem of the young generations’ upbringing.

The result of the realizing the upbringing function depends on the family‘s upbringing potential and it is a range of objective and subjective, material, moral and spiritual conditions which determine pedagogical possibilities of a family. Among them are:

• material and living conditions;

• the number and structure of the family;

• the level of the developed family as a collective;

• the relations’ character between the members of a family;

• peculiarities of the ideological and moral, emotional, psychological and labor atmosphere in a family;

• a life experience, education, professional features of parents;

• personal features, the own example of father and mother;

• a level of the pedagogical culture of all the family’s collective adult members ;

• existing and character of the family’s traditions;

• the character of the communication of the family’s members with other people, the correlation with a school and a community.

Social and economic conditions of village and town localities do a considerable influence on the family atmosphere, interpersonal relations and upbringing system. However the differences in the family’s life culture are reflected on the child’s development. Children, who live in a moral and ethic atmosphere of a village, are drawn into the housework and it forms a specific attitude to the work and peculiar opinions on the life. The village restrains antisocial influences which city dwellers have. But from the other side, children in a city have wide possibilities to develop their individual potential.

The style, the direction and level of the children’s upbringing primarily depend on the parents peculiarities: their education and culture, moral and ethical opinions and value ideas, life positions and purposes. However, high labor busyness and a general family’s disintegration spoil such dependence: the responsibility about the children’s upbringing throw on the third persons (a grandmother, a baby-sitter or boarding-school) or leave them alone in general. At the same time the strengthening of the demolishing influence of on information space (media) and social environment further that even educated and intelligent parents who are trying to up-bring their own children, based on common ideals, grow conflict, immoral and antisocial-oriented children.

The other nuance of the problem in a modern family’s upbringing is a parents wish to organize the relations with children on the base of person and role positions. Parents limit the communication only everyday domestic sphere without understanding the necessity of making the human relations in a family and it promotes the children are lone spiritually. In such conditions children can’t develop normally: either they suffer from an excessive pressure of adult’s side and close psychologically or do not admin the parent’s authority and disorient morally. Therefore, to build intra-family relations and defining a style, directions and purposes of the younger generation’s upbringing parents must demand the balance between the compassion and the justice, the lenience and the insistence, the love and the strictness and form favorable environment for a healthy family life. The guarantee to this beside with personal parents’ qualities is a marriage harmony: a child perceives a family as a micro model of a society, he copies and transfers an inner family relations’ style in the public sphere, the system of social setting, cultural values and so on. Practically the family’ influence is the most active and almost incorrigible on the forming spiritual, moral and ethical culture of a child. That is why modern parents must pay special attention to this direction and bring children up with the own example primarily.

As you see, the XXI century the family lives through the crises in a sphere of the interpersonal and inner family relations. From the tone, style and the mood of the relations in a family circle, from the direction and the power upbringing parents’ influence depend the future society. Because of the close surrounding the members of the family make the forming of a separate personality and the whole nation. According to these facts the solving of the question family crisis and family upbringing is as one of the priority task of psychological and pedagogical science. It is necessary to find the solving ways typical problems of the society in the XXI century and to help a family as a social institute to adapt for the conditions in a modern world without losing its value-orientated and upbringing influence.

Literature:

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