Pedagogical Science/Modern methods of teaching..
Nurgazinova S. S.
the secondary school
named after M. Mynbayuly, Usharal, Kazakhstan
New approaches and methods of teaching physics in the modern school
In general education schools the problem of teaching
physics today has become more complicated. Teachers often have to make great
efforts in order to induce and maintain interest in the study of this subject
is not as humanitarian as physics. It is known that people reaches for
knowledge, when aware of their importance in their life. This problem is
solved through the humanization of the educational process, starting with the
first lessons of physics. At subsequent stages of the study of physics pupil
use the accumulated material for writing essays, reports and other papers.
The most important motive to learn pupil performs
cognitive interest, which is the basis of the pupil active self, its relation
to learning in general. Cognitive interest is an important factor in the
educational process. The problem of cognitive activity of pupils is associated
with novelty seeking in the theory and practice of teaching. The result of
creative exploration of creative solutions diverse methodological problems are
specific forms and methods of teaching. First place, on the right, take
learning technologies, which are based on the cognitive development of interest
of pupils.
Technologies that will enhance the learning process,
based not only on the processes of perception, memory, attention, but also a
creative, productive thinking and communication, active forms and methods of
teaching.But the show even more experience in class by itself does not provide
for the informed and active knowledge, that is, the knowledge that can be used
independently to solve practical problems. To observation of progress of the
experiment was a deliberate teacher planning should not just pick a possible
statement on the subject experiments, and based on the need, first, to show a
new phenomenon, and secondly, to investigate it to determine the patterns, and
third, to check The results of theoretical conclusions practice. Formulation of
experimental tasks shows students the laws of physics in action, identifies
objective laws of nature.
In my lessons I use a creative experimental
tasks, the data for which are obtained experimentally, directly in front pupils
or by pupils. These tasks require to explain some new phenomenon or find
ways to achieve some effect on the basis of the use of certain laws. Creative
tasks are performed by pupils knowledge
of physical laws without any indication as to which laws should be used.
Creative activities not only develop the ability of pupil to use the knowledge
in a new environment, but also create the conditions for the formation of a
person's world. During training, the pupil must not only adopt the proposed
master the material, but also to explore the world, to join him in an active
dialogue, to search for and find answers to the questions, and be able to apply
their knowledge in practice. Lessons should be offered to students for solving
experimental problems, which require not only knowledge of the subject
material, but also the use of knowledge of past years.
In the selection and problem solving I rely on the
definition of the methodology as a science on how to understand the world and
methods of teaching physics as a science of the content, the lines and methods
of teaching physics in the school, focusing on the research method of teaching
physics, which is directly related to the methods of cognition.
Today it is not quite
the usual teaching methods and the whole school - a huge amount, but not all of
them comply with generally accepted notions of non-standard in education, about
the unusual lesson.
Guidelines for getting started on intensive methods are
1. Lessons that reflect contemporary social trends: a lesson built on the
initiative of the students, the lesson - a public show of knowledge,
lesson-dispute, a lesson using computers.
2. Lessons with game situations: role-playing game lesson,
lesson-press-conference-class competition, lesson-KVN, lesson-journey-auction
lesson, a lesson using educational games, lesson-pageant.
3. Art lessons: lesson-writing, lesson-release of "living newspaper"
lesson invention, complex creative lesson, lesson-examination amateur
exhibition.
4. Traditional lessons with new aspects:
lesson, lecture, tutorial, seminar, tutorial tasks, lesson-conference
tour-lesson, lesson-consultation, lesson-off.
These types of lessons set some "pivot" in the application of
modern educational technology, such as problem-based instruction, integrative
learning, differentiated instruction, research and design, the use of new
information technologies
One way to
improve the quality of education in the classroom is a problem-based learning.
At the core of problem-based learning is a contradiction between the known
pupil knowledge and new facts, for
understanding and explaining that previous knowledge is not enough. Problem
learning involves organization of search activity of pupils, the acquisition of
knowledge through active mental activities to achieve the objectives of the
problem and the nature of the experiments.
Ability to
independently construct their knowledge to navigate the information space, the
ability to see, to formulate and solve the problem contributes to the project
activities. It is the involvement of children in the research process activates
the cognitive activity of pupils and improve the quality of the educational
process
Working with ICT
- one way that enhances learning motivation. Of course, the using computers in
the classroom is justified only in cases where it provides a significant
advantage over traditional frontal experiments or labs.
Information technology can be used:
1. the study of a new material -
view presentations incorporating the video clips, interactive models of
phenomena and devices, tasks and issues, as well as self-study materials to
sites on the Internet.
2. under the control of knowledge -
solving problems with the interactive choice response and analysis of
solutions, the implementation of interesting tests in pictures.
3. performance of virtual
interactive labs using multimedia disc of "Physicon" - "Physics
grades 7-11," "Laboratory work in physics 10 and 11" , as well
as using a variety of activities in a virtual studio.
4. with homework - find additional
material for the lesson, including illustrations on the Internet.
5. in preparation for the exam.
In our time,
knowledge in science and a good education is no longer the determining motive
exercises for most students. The word "right" for them there, but
does not have the incentive effect, as for an adult. Therefore, we need to
listen to the popular wisdom, which states that "hunt Forest
captivity", and in every possible way enhance the learning experience and
make it interesting and vital to each individual child.
Literature:
1.Shevchenko M.
Traditional and innovative approaches to the teaching of physics. http://nsportal.ru/shkola/fizika/library/traditsionnye-i-innovatsionnye-podkhody-v-prepodavanii-fiziki
2. Modern ways of
enhancing learning: studies. allowance for stud. High. Textbook. institutions /
TS Panin, LN Vavilov, ed. TS Panina. - Moscow: Publishing Center
"Academy", 2006. - 176.