Kaziyeva A.N.
Kazakh National Pedagogical University Abai
INVESTMENT
MODE IN CUNSRUCTION INDUSTRY
OF
KAZAKHSTAN
The return to
former rates of growth in building sector has not taken place, even despite of
support of authorities and loans of the international organizations on
modernization and development of an infrastructure. The growth of volume of
civil work since 2009 remains weak, as well as increase of the investments in
the basic means. Volume uninhabited (infrastructure, industry) and housing
construction, and also investment in civil work while remains much below, than
in 2006-2008 years. Has decreased of weight of extra means, which has come
nearer to a parameter 12 % under all investments.
In 2010-2012
years the small growth of manufacture of the enterprises of building branch was
marked, however in 2013 while the recession is observed. The index of physical
volume of manufacture of building branch in 2012 has grown on 2,9 % in annual
expression, but has fallen in I quarter 2013 on 4,9 % [1].
Total added cost
of the enterprises of building branch has made 1,9 billion tenge on results of
2012, that is in real terms little bit lower than parameters both previous
years and 2007. The share of branch in GDP continues to be reduced and has
decreased since 2006 almost half - to 6,2 % in 2012. By the beginning of 2013
in republic worked 189 large (more than 250 workers), 739 average (more than 50
workers) and 23 thousand small building enterprises. The number both large and
small enterprises since 2009-2010 years is reduced [2].
On densities the volumes of carried out civil
work of the average enterprises are constant, the growth of a share of the
market of the large companies is observed, at decrease (reduction) of a share
come on the small enterprises.
The number
engaged in building branch even in conditions of difficulties tested by economy
in 2008-2009 years, steadily raised.
The number of the
working large and average enterprises was saved almost constant - little more
than 200 thousand the man. Accordingly, the growth of number engaged has taken
place at the expense of the small enterprises and self-engaged in the given
sphere. The large companies have saved personnel potential, that is a good
basis for the future growth.
At the same time
productivity of work in building branch as a whole has remained at a level of
2006. The productivity of work of the small enterprises obviously strongly has
fallen, that specifies probable concentration in branch in the future and will
detain growth of the salaries at the small enterprises.
While manufacture
of building materials in Kazakhstan be not capable completely to satisfy
growing needs (requirements) of the country both on assortment, and on quality
of production. On the data of Agency Republic of Kazakhstan on statistics, the share of domestic
manufacture in total amount of resources with 2008 for 2012 has grown with 58 up
to 68 %. According to the plans of the program of development of building
branch in 2014 the achievement of release of cement in volume 13,5 million of
tons per one year, with simultaneous export up to 20 % from volume of
manufacture on four old and five new factories is supposed.
The purpose is
difficultly sold completely, but the certain rise will be. The construction
glass of a factory by capacity 180 thousand tons per one year, increase of
general (common) manufacture cunsruction material up to 80 % in 2014 is planned.
The investments
on development of manufacture while volatility. In 2012 they have made 53
billion tenge, have increased on 10 billion tenge in comparison from 2011-m.
From them almost 80 % was invested at the expense of own means of the
enterprises, thus the investments were directed mainly in capacity on
manufacture of cement, concrete and products from concrete. In sphere of
manufacture construction materials many small enterprises work, which
opportunities to involve (attract) extra financing are limited.
Volume of
crediting of construction which is warmed up by cheap money in précis’s
period, in cumulative crediting of economy is reduced since 2008. However to
2010 there is an increase of volume of the credits given branch. On results of
the last year he has reached(achieved) $ 15 billion. The credits to
construction in 2011-2012 years have grown on 19 %, while the standard loans
have grown only on 9 %, that testifies to preservation significant is brave in
crediting this sphere.
Governmental
"The Forecast of socio economic development of Republic of Kazakhstan for
2013-2017 years" provides real growth of building branch on 3,0-3,6 % per
one year, at real growth GDP at a level 6,3-7,7 % [2].
The negative
factor of growth in a near future - concentration in branch, which is necessary
for increase of productivity of work, but in the short-term period can
complicate mutual relation between the players and between the enterprises and
banks because of a possible(probable) leaving(care) of the companies from the
market.
Restraint of
banks at crediting because of saved the negative factor is brave - also.
Nevertheless growth of building branch could in the future hardly be higher
than parameters of the forecasts of government due to construction of
infrastructural objects sold at support of the state and the international
financial institutions, and also due to revival of housing construction.
At preservation
of financing of civil work on the part of government approximately at a level
of 2012 in percentage to ÂÂÏ, in view of animator - effect, it is possible to
expect the certain revival of financing from own and foreign means. Thus the
building branch, probably, will continue to remain more volatile and cyclical
in comparison with GDP because of long-term character of the building
investments and their dependence on an economic climate.
References
1 Business magazine "Business Life". -Almaty: ¹ 8 (74). 2013. with 12-14.
2 Electronic resource: www. http: //
rfcaratings.kz/ru/node/80