Utebayeva A.K

Kostanay state university named after A.Baytursinov

teacher of practical linguistic department.

Using of metonymy in compositions of A.Kekilbayev.

One of the product that used in our language is- metonymy (exchanging).

“Metonymy” word of Greek (“metonymia”), that means changing the name and call exchange its name.

Metonymy is- take one side names, not own mean, replace this with other word that looks like and it’s a method that full show that phenomenon. Phraseological is mostly used in speech and example of colorful method is mostly occurs in phraseological combinations.

Scientists of linguistic researchers gave different certificate to metonymy. On exposing I.Kenesbayev andG.Musabayev,“Instead of one word a use nearly meaning word is named as metonymy”. But, A.Hasenov say “Metonymy is-exchange things and phenomenons by its inner and outer meaning”

Kazakh large scientist and linguist, translator, turcologist A.Baytursinov said own opinion about metonymy:”Exchange name between two thing that has similarity, type to say one instead another, such changing names exchange (metonymy).

Difference metonymy from metaphor is-metaphor call two or more thing or phenomenon on one name(word), metonymy don’t call word in mind, call another word that has the same meaning, because metonymy was made according to old Kazakh meanings.

Metonymy is used less than metaphora. Metaphore is used in any style, but, metonymy only in composition. Metonymy of words is more used in speech than written compositions.

There is not enough full investigates of metonymy in Kazakh language.

First Kazakh scientist to investigate metonymy as language phenomenon was L.Nurzhekeyeva, she first decided to separate metonymy from synecdoche, she proved that metonymy and synecdoche are in different trops. Then she suggested new rules. This rule includes all main natural differences. So, synecdoche is one type of metonymy.

If special guest won’t come or there won’t be any celebrations in summer there would be no need to spell bleed.

By using metonymes such as ”not tosee red”, ”not to see meat”, don’t spoil blood” we understand phrase” not te spoil blood” as not to dill domestic animals.

Two traiellers, who were in cold relationships went out from the house which was behind canyon.

One man was looking by sidesfeering angry degg when suddenly he saw two enarmous somethings.

Only master of the long age who knows all the secrets of language can use metonymy such as “two trawellers with cold relationships “ and muzzle dog.

In this battle weren`t damaged people who were looking after their heads.

In this sentence phraseologistis used in meaning of ”defended themselves”.

Writer A.Kekilbaev used verb with suffix “-er” and made the most difficult metonymy. In phraseologism “look after your head” head means man.

This time hand of Abulkhair was bigger.

In this metonymy hand means “army”. In modern Kazakh literature metonymy meaning of word“hand” is stable.

Abulkhair was afraid of becoming accustomed to his army.

In this sentence “get accustomed” means to “became nearer” and has two meanings:

1)direct meaning

2)to have same absorptive.

“Get accustomed” there is used in open meaing because it is part of “sitting on one table” “Sitting on one table” contains manythings and “Get accustomed” is a part of it.

- Thick hand” is metonymic phraseologism because hand is partofthebody and uses in meaning “army” and it is in open meaning. Between Kazakhs is used inmeanig“army.”

“Body get accustomed” have meanings of:

1)began not to fear

2)get accustomed

“From sunrise to eclipse he was talking”

Between speakers is meaning of “was talking” is ”didn’t have anything to oppose”

He know that near the yellow roof there were many who sells their eyes so he hides people and gotaway.

“Sells their eyes” is used as watch.

Bashkirs make something one time, but for a long time

“Two or one horsemen come”.

If you ask something from people with whips they will kill you in one eyewink.

If all will be good, will we have good reputation during one week?

Due to metonymy as “too black”, “what do Bashkurt say?”, “what do your people say”, “tight-fisted”, he made illustration of culture differences, behaviours of person.

Writer A.Kekilbayev made permament combination and used the meaning of “sense of watching” hardly.

November there being what your needed black aul

On pale as before stood lately

Remained blood hand country people

Mountain backbone drive on the herd of horse revenge

Mountain a backbonewent mad wind, became severe,

Sharpen native tooth of snow-storm white

Snow was covered from sorrow unhappy street

Phrasal combination as “bloody hands”, means ”people suffering from enemies” and fill in phrasal combination of Kazakh language.

So, we illustrated example of simple metonymy and hard metonymy by the way of L.Nurzhekeyeva writer used if brilliantly.

Used library:

1)Kabdolov Z. Word Art.-Almaty:”Sanat”, 2002. 360 pages.

2)Hasenov A. Language knowledge. Almaty, 1996, 116 pages.

3)Konurov T. Permamenteguality dictionary. Almaty:”Arys”,2007,480 pages.

4)Kekilbayuly A. Twelve volumes of composition.-Almaty:”Olke ,-T.4-1999, 164pages.

5)NurzhekeevaA.Linguistical nature of metonymy. Almaty,1992,80 pages

6)Kenesbayev I. Kazakh phrasaldictionary.1977, 712pages.