Philosophy /6. Philosophy of Science

PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor Fidchenko E.V.

Moscow Pedagogical State University, Russia

Actual problems of applied linguistics:  

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In the modern scientific and philosophical foundations of philological study of communication the most important issue is the analysis of the problem field of applied linguistics. According to B. Tversky, «new relationships and promote new interpretations configuration" [5, p. 4], therefore, the latest trends and strategies converged this area favor the formation of system designs that can be made to the conceptual realization of invariant communication technologies in the philosophy of science and technology.

It is important to bear in mind that such large-scale socio-philosophical mega-projects like the "information society" and "knowledge society" is also directly related to the stated search configurations as related to the philosophical understanding of the role of language, linguistics and communication science at etymological, terminological and ontological, epistemological and synergistic levels.

Applied linguistics has tremendous potential integrative and combines multiple profile divergent constructs (up to statistical databases) as their own general scientific and socially-oriented sections: cognitive linguistics, corpus linguistics, terminology, terminography, computer, experimental and mathematical linguistics, etc. Such influence vector linguistic research on science and human J. Woods has designated as a "broad boundaries of functional application of epistemology to applied linguistics and philosophy of mathematics" [6, p. 10] and E. Sapir nominated as "mining extensions horizon" in general. [3]

So, applied linguistics promotes convergence paradigmatic bases of socio-humanitarian and scientific nature. This is particularly evident in the condition of its use as a cognitive scientific practice.

Applied linguistics - it is also a growing sector NBICS technologies. Optimization studies of the philosophical aspects of linguistics made through a unique format of system design: a systematic project "Applied linguistics" (philosophical problems) is presented below (see Table 1)

Table 1 - System project "Applied linguistics" (philosophical problems).

"Philosophical problems"	"Basic linguistic-significatum"
Clusters:	Markers:
"Ontological"	"Synchrony / diachrony of language"
"Epistemological"	"Functional / convergent analysis"
"Synergistic"	"Cybernetic / systemic accumulation"

Actual explanation on the structure of Table 1: information, target rationally and systematically projective directions are arranged in clusters of compliance: "ontological", "epistemological" and "synergistic" and marked by basic linguistic-significatum "synchrony / diachrony of language", "functional / convergent analysis" and "cybernetic / systemic accumulation".

"Ontological" cluster in the first table column indicates the differential decision theoretic and philosophical order in areas such as spatial and temporal-division being language, science and language world, philosophical communication, etc.

Proceeding from the thesis of the possible adoption of interpretation as an analytical basis, [2] the ontological aspect of the linguistic problems of synchrony / diachrony can be interpreted as follows: following the ideas of F. de Saussure, language is seen as a system of signs; in terms of spatial and temporal relations, the system is established and timeless. The last of the parameters described a clear and relevant philosophical analogy, which acts as a system of paradoxes Zeno of Elea with their timeless ontology.

Opportunities formalization (including the language) on the model of Eleans are such that they may contribute to the linguistic and semiotics new growth points, in particular in the area of reversion and aberration. Reversion aberration as onto-cognitive operations are critical in the unification of system "sign - symbol".

Dominance of space-time parameter characteristic diachronic hence it is a case of local application of ideas about language as a system of rules (in the spirit of Humboldt). This vision problems associated with the procedures of historical philosophy and science organizations through communication. Actualization of this approach in philosophy may be, for instance, the idea of Bakhtin's chronotope, effectively working in hermeneutical and linguistic-cultural studies. In general, according to H. Lasswell, "science linguistics boasts a long, rich and successful tradition", [1] and it is nothing like its onto-diachronic meta-property.

"Epistemological" cluster in Table 1 nominates theoretical and philosophical decision on the direction of the differential cognitive, corpus, mathematical, computer and experimental linguistics. Informative labeling, in the second part of the table, carried through significatum "functional / convergent analysis."

Cognitive representation procedure as a way to polarization methods in linguistics (syntagmatic / paradigmatic, synchrony / diachrony, etc.) guarantees normativity, proportionality and adequacy as criteria for graduation, for example, text bodies (as genre definition of "War and Peace" L. Tolstoy as the epic novel) . In the philosophical aspect of the phenomenon is possible converged functionality, [4, p. 53] when cognitive procedures architectonics and polarization become effective as in dialectic, and in literary studies.

Finally, problematization of "synergistic" cluster Table 1 marked by linguistic and significatum "cybernetic / systemic accumulation". As the system philological pragma-installation here can serve political linguistics, accumulating properties of the social sciences and psychology in the sector fluctuation interactions and manipulative actions. Cybernetic option accumulates content ideas of V. Vernadsky about noosphere, inter-disciplinarity and necessary socialization of all existing sciences. Here unfolds basis of synergy and NBICS - design, where information and system direction vectors are arranged in conformity: "cognitive", "technical" and "social" communication.

This action effectively within computational linguistics (for example, in the study of web semantics) when important system parameters: both quantitative and qualitative indicators in the info-communications unity. Cybernetic component can even extend to philological methods, presenting them as theory training / learning systems. Divergent possibilities such decisions clearly convergent-oriented, so they can accumulate the total scientific and philosophical experience.

Thus, applied linguistics - a single system research project aimed at the formation of philosophical and linguistic information and mega-programs with unparalleled approach to the pragmatics of language and its functional and technical implementation through ontologisation, systematization and NBICS-convergence. Also, this is a fundamental system solution designed to optimize the management of research in linguistic resources and communication.

References:

1. Lasswell H. The language of power. URL: http:// www.philology.ru/linguistics1/ lasswell-06.htm (date of access: 25.03.2014).

2. Pocheptsov G.G. New conceptual battlefield. URL: http:// psyfactor.org/psyops/ infowar17.htm (date of access: 25.03.2014).

3. Sapir E. Grammarian and his language. URL: http://policy03.narod.ru/7.html (date of access: 25.03.2014).

4. Fidchenko E.V. Philosophical problems of cognitive linguistics // Theory and practice of social development. 2014. №2. С. 53.

5. Tversky B. Some Ways of Thinking // Studies in Applied Philosophy, Epistemology and Rational Ethics. Vol. 8. XII. 2014. P. 4.

6. Woods J. Against Fictionalism // Understanding Violence. Vol. 1. XVI. 2012. P. 10.