ﾏ裝璢魲顆褥・・浯・1. ﾄ頌煜韶澵鮱
髜鉋籵湜е
Ovadiuk О.
NTUU KPI, Ukraine
Distance learning of foreign languages with the help of the Internet
Presently rapid development of the computer telecommunication and
informative systems renders considerable influence on the system of education
on the whole results in appearance of pedagogical technologies, new forms of
teaching of modern languages, one of which is distance learning. The use of
computers in education began as early as in 60th of ХХ century and passed several
stages of the development, starting from learning programs in DOS and
multimedia CDs and ending with learning online.
Among
all technical equipment called the organic components of educational process, a
computer today comes forward as the most important in the process of learning
foreign languages. Researches of home and foreign scientists as well as
teachers testify that modern computer technologies, in particular the Internet,
adequately applied, can substantially assist the efficiency of teaching and
learning foreign languages.
First
of all it is ensured by the fact that the international computer network
provides a huge number of information, and processing it learners are not only
consumers of the accumulated human knowledge, but can also originate some new
things, acting as creators. The Internet increases a foreign language learning
motivation, having positive impact on all processes of training, makes authentic materials available, strengthens
communicative interaction, provides independence from one, and sometimes the
only, information source.
It
is known that a main objective of studying foreign languages at the present
stage is the formation of communicative competence that in turn, provides
development of skills of cross-cultural communication. Communicative competence
is closely connected with linguistic one, and also with culturological
competence. The Internet creates a unique possibility of acquaintance with
culture of the country which language has been learned, providing cross-cultural
interaction, allowing to listen and to communicate with native speakers, i.e.
it creates the natural language environment.
The
Internet allows improving abilities of audition on the basis of authentic sound
texts: to listen and hear the interlocutor; to fill up the lexicon with the
lexicon of a modern foreign language reflecting a certain stage of cultural
development of the people, a social and political system of society. For this
purpose it is possible to use various records of the fresh radio or TV - news,
numerous audio - and video programs on compact disks.
Using
information resources of worldwide network, integrating them into educational
process, it is obviously possible to study different types of reading more
effectively: learning reading, search reading, fact-finding reading, using
authentic materials of different degree of complexity directly.
The
main methodical problem of learning foreign languages is actually reduced to
the question of how to provide achievement of the educational objects set taking
into account the limited opportunities of the teacher to operate the course of
educational process: with what methodical means it is possible to compensate
deficiency of this management. Obviously, that similar weakening of a role of
the teacher can be neutralized by those methodical means which are included in
the didactic materials used by the learner.
It
is common knowledge that effectiveness of any kind of distance learning depends
on four components: 1) effective interaction of the teacher and student; 2) the
pedagogical technologies used; 3) efficiency of the developed methodical
materials; and 4) efficiency of feedback. In other words, success and quality
of distance learning to a great extent depend on the organization and
methodical quality of the used materials and also the abilities and skills of
the teachers participating in this process.
•
Interactivity is the key concept of educational programs of distance learning.
Courses have to provide the greatest possible interactivity between the learner
and the teacher, feedback between the learner and a learning material, and also
to give an opportunity of group training;
•
Due to the highly effective feedback learners have to be sure of correctness of
the decisions and further advance from ignorance to knowledge.
•
Motivation is the most important element of any distance learning course; it is
very important to use various techniques and methods for this purpose.
Due
to the modular structuring of a course the learner will have an opportunity to
accurately realize the advance from the
module to the module, to choose any module at own discretion or at the
discretion of the leading teacher.
•
Audio can be supplied by network technologies, or on CD ROM.
Nowadays,
modern information technologies give unlimited opportunities for placement,
storage, processing and delivery of information of any volume and contents to
any distances. Therefore pedagogical, substantial and structural organization
of a training material for distance learning comes to the forefront.
Литература:
1. Полат
Е. С. Некоторые концептуальные положения организации дистанционного обучения иностранному языку на базе компьютерных телекоммуникаций / Е. С. Полат // ИЯШ. – 1998. –
№ 5. – С. 6 – 11.
2. Полат Е. С.
Современные педагогические и информационные технологии в системе образования:
учебн. пособие для студентов высших учебных заведений/ Е. С. Полат,
М. Ю. Бухаркина. - М. Академия, 2007
3. Littlewood W.
Teaching Oral Communication: a Methodological Framework./ Littlewood, W. —
L.: Oxford: Blackwell, 1992 – p.82-83