Djumaliyeva L.T.

ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF ACTIVITIES KAZAKH INTELLECTUALS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

S. Seifullin Kazakh Agro Technical University,

«History» a senior lecturer, candidate of historical sciences.

Astana city

Intellectuals, especially at the beginning of the twentieth century, the role of the intelligentsia in the history of the Kazakh people is very high, the vast works. Inventory history of his native country and the independence of our country opens wide opportunities for the formation of a national spiritual identity. The centuries-old complex is the nation's intellectuals have a special place in the history of our nation has great understanding of the national liberation movement in weighing the value and importance of this event is associated with the ideals of independence.

In this regard, President Nursultan Nazarbayev «Diary» The main purpose of Kazakh society is gradually changing, modern adaptation. This is our rapid modernization, the modernization of course comply with ... Lions of Alash has given rise to the idea of a state flag to us ... Diary us hostage to the precious historical and cultural uniqueness , in simple terms, the Kazakh sacred obligation to keep the way. Blog hostage precious invites us to strengthen our unity, he said. President urges the perpetuation of the memory of all of the opinion of the Alash. Kazakh intellectuals at the beginning of the twentieth century - the next generation intelligence role model, independent of the state of the nation has its own way of development has become a real contest. Therefore, in their national organize liberation struggle understand that today's generation Quotes [1].

Kazakh People's centuries-old passed the stage of establishing an independent state. Kazakh people who root individual country and the survival of many elite to the creation of an independent state. Great hardened into a discussion of the history of the field to share the fate of a variety of ethnic groups into the camp. Leading intellectuals Alikhan Bokeikhanov, Ahmed Baitursynov, was educated citizens as Mirzhakyp Dulatov. Blog honorable sons of the installation of an independent statehood, independence flag. The period of chaos that unites all ethnic groups living in the province, the country has established a firm to consider ways of maintaining political entities Alash autonomy [2].

Alash government has become the beginning of a new generation of Kazakh statehood. Alash autonomy at the local authorities were born. South regions, including the local authorities the beginning of Muhametzhan Tynyshbaev, Mustafa Shokai was a bouquet of such intelligence. In addition, the Journal of the outstanding leaders in personal actions in the field of public life was a result of actions in the history of the features inherent in each of them. For example, in the conduct of policy Alikhan Bokeikhanov policy «westernism» Ahmet Baitursynov distinguished first and foremost, educational, scientific and political movement was characterized by balance and continence.

Khalel Dosmukhamedov and Mukhamedzhan Tynyshpayev dominated by the properties of the public activities scientists. Now, independence and free development began to study the history of their new fall line. Its centuries - old history of the Kazakh people, full of suffering many experienced many events into a twist of fate. Only depend on the independence of a fair price, and the participants, he tells the truth. Kazakh centuries - old rich history, rich culture, heritage, her appreciated developing and popularizing the best of citizens will not. Only approved their ideology inevitably, were given an opportunity to meet the strict preachers. Now, for the benefit of the country have built a sovereign and independent state, and those who dedicate their lives the way precious time to the national liberation struggle of the people [3].

Since 1911 headed out «Aikap» magazine, published since 1913, has become a general publication «Kazakh», was born on the back of its «Unity Flag», «Sary-Arka», «Ak zhol» newspapers was the formation of the ideology of the national liberation struggle. Years of the first Russian revolution of which Alash National Movement in 1917 and reached its peak during the months of December and February. Independence of the state, land and Alash intellectuals of the social, political and other issues on the agenda as the main demand of the national liberation movement of the new character T. Ryskulov, S.Aspendiyarov, S.Kozhanov, S. Saduakasov, J.Mınbaev further increases [4].

Kazakh stored in the country the last time on the way to experience one of the instruments of national power into a source of spiritual being spring-scientific history. Where the original history question the relevance of the agenda of the qarasaqta to lose. Kazakh people always give special attention to the development of its cultural knew. Times have changed, no doubt will be more complicated requirements every time moving forward. And we, in turn, Alashtanu and believes it has a duty to try to become one of the issues. Alash movement led by the top Ahmet Baitursynov, Alikhan Bokeikhanov and Dulatov over the age of forty ridge just at that time, the mind and the viability of their idea of the next wave of followers Alash stop in accordance with generations who explain that [5].

In order to understand the meaning and content of the State Duma may be a political necessity in life. The needs of the birth of the State Duma of Russia was growing up itself. He was born in the Russian State Duma, the peasants made up the majority of the population in the country. Duma from the moment he was born, this problem could not leave unnoticed. Thus, a new public building is the core of the conflict between the old system of democratic governance was the issue of land.

The first elections to the State Duma in the spring of 1906 began. At the height of the election campaign has coincided with the April-June time. Field and holding of the elections declared the military situation in the region and cited the difficulty participation of the general public. Field and holding of the elections declared the military situation in the region and cited the difficulty participation of the general public. First Turgai region Ahmed Birimjan the State Duma, Ufa province, Salimgerey Zhantore Ural region of Alpysbaj Qalmenulı, Astrakhan province Baktygerei Kulmanuli and David Noyan Tundut Tayınulı mullah and Semipalatinsk region of Akmola region Bokeykhan elected as deputies. But I did not have a long life in the Duma.

Fearing the democratic changes in the imperial government was disbanded on June 8, 1906. For hundreds of years, used to dominate the country's individual pursuit, listens to public opinion, to the ears of the intelligence of the people of the country mounted king seemed immune to democratic changes small symbol. But he just could not break the Duma. Was forced to hold the election of a new Duma [6]. II State Duma began its work on February 20, 1907. It is composed of Akmola region Sh. Kosshygululy, Turgay region, A.K. Birimjan, T.Nurken Semipalatinsk region, Zhetisu region M.Tynyishbaiuly, Syrdarya region T.Aldabergenuly, B.Karatai the Ural region, Astrakhan province elected as B.Kulman Kazakhs. June 3, 1907 year were second in the State Duma.

According to the decree of the king to the state Duma deputies from the Kazakh didn't elected. The first and second deputy of the State Dumas of Russia A.Bukeikhan, B.Kulman, A.Birimjan Sh. Kosshygulov, A.Kalmenov, M.Taynuly, S.Zhantore, B.Karatai, M.Tynyshpaev, D.Noyan-Tundut, T.Aldabergenov, together with representatives of the older generation, such as T.Nurken Kazakh intellectuals, many famous names in the country's efforts to erase the memory of the Soviet ideology is not a secret shepherding social community. As a result, of A.Baitursynov, M.Dulatov, Kh.Dosmukhamedov, M.Shokai, M.Seralin, M.Zhumabayev, Zh.Aimauytov, S.Mendeshov, S.Kojanov, S. Sadvakasov, Zh.Mınbaev and other talented individuals until recently was called names.

At the beginning of the twentieth century's leading Kazakh intellectuals of their political activities, as well as the protection of universal human values showed that the main objective. The people of their independence and sought to help the colonial struggle for liberation from slavery, the right to freedom of every person and every people and all the successes and achievements of human culture, such as free access to the struggle for universal treasures.

To this end, since 1905, Kazakh intellectuals steppe heat. Kazakh intellectuals on the political side to open the eyes of the population of the leaders of the awakening of the desire for knowledge, understood the need for the elimination of illiteracy. Kazakh intelligence service is devoted to this purpose. National «Kazakh», «Kazakhstan» newspaper «Aikap», «Sary-Arka», «Abay» on the pages of magazines and others will only knowledge but they are civilized world will help to preserve the Kazakhs as a nation, was invited to study Kazakh people.

The emphasis on the development of language and literature. On the issues of development of the Kazakh language and literature in the Arab reformers of the first graphics-based Kazakh alphabet talented, «Reader» (1912), «Language» (1914), «New Alphabet» (1928) in the Kazakh language, science, but also of the entire Turkic world wrote numerous articles that are deemed to be innovative works A.Baitursynov. «Kazakh» newspaper works of A.Baitursynov stressed the importance of teaching children in schools and religious schools. He Kazakh and Russian views on the problems of education in schools mandatory to report child requires two years of training in Kazakh, «elementary schools missionary policy should be», he said. He also stressed the need to learn English literacy [7].

M. Dulatov «Wake up Kazakh» Therefore knocked the alarm, M.Seralin democratic intelligentsia, liberal intention actually grouping students, who concentrated their attention and effort to solve national problems. «Aikap» royal government reaction came after the Kazakh society «Kazakh» newspaper has a good tradition to a new level. With M.Seralin, B.Karataev, J.Seidalin, S. Toraigyrov the spiritual leaders of the magazine. «Aikap» heterogeneous Kazakh democratic intellectuals around the talented youth representatives of the group. A.Galimov journal, M.Joldibaev, T.Jomartbaev, M.Kashimov, K.Kemengerov, M.Zh. Kopeyev, A.Musagaliev, B.Sirtanov, S.Lapin, was an active participant N.Manaev and others. Journal reputation in the initial stage of its growth of A.Baitursynov, M.Dulatov was caused by the presence of. The general public, followed by Kazakh steppes, culture and literature, which has become the most prominent figures of talented individuals: S.Seifulliin, S.Kudaiberdiev, B.Mailin, S.Donentaev, S.Toraigyrov, M.Zhumabaev will have an opportunity to get acquainted with the work [8].

In addition, the results of the study «Aikap» magazine and the «Kazakh» newspaper said that the idea for a long time historiography, their goals and interests, not ideological originality of the media was on the basis of two different ways to finance the establishment. «Kazakh» newspaper is the weekly edition. 3000 until January 1918 and February 1913, the number of 265 copies were published [9].

«Kazakh» newspaper – Sahara national-democratic in the history of the original term of the press. «Kazakh» newspaper producers to preserve the integrity of the national population, have been destroyed as a result of the policy of colonial empire of Russia took part in the traditional form of statehood. Reportedly, the king of the administration on the policy of colonization, oppression, advises how to escape method. Empire under the law of June 3, 1907, on the Kazakh people lost their right to be elected to the State Duma tried to do their best to remove Bokeykhan [10].

As a result of such strong claims of «Kazakh» newspaper opened Ahmet Baitursynov, Alikhan Bokeikhanov and Dulatov and other Alash intellectuals through publications and educational activities, closed to carry out their political goals and interests. «Kazakh» This is the main difference between the previous editions of the newspaper [11].

At the beginning of the twentieth century colonial twitches in the chain figures readings in the twenty-first century is an example to young people in the country. So, Alash flag until the sun faded. Now, do not nobody insults Diary. We went from his death, alash die «of Sultanmakhmut wisdom flame country of origin, place of residence, nationality, religion, mentality, you want to see along every ambitious person who loved the language of truth.

I - Kazakh, supreme, vast country,

Born again, came back to life.

I was raised thousands of times to not die forever,

I would like to say, like to say, - that Zhuban Moldagaliev say, we are a great nation, in the immortal generation. Spent the entire fight all life unprecedented supports independence today, we are convinced our hands. So Alash intellectuals, social and political contribution to the development of the legal opinion, the future of the nation for his heroic deeds in every direction forever stored in the memory of the people.

Literature

1. Ozganbaev O. State Duma of Russia and Alash figures. -   «Kazakh intellectuals at the beginning of the twentieth century in the context of independence Republican scientific-theoretical conference  materials. Aktau, 2011,5 p.

2. S. Sabirov History of Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2002, 107 p.

3. Ozganbaev O. State Duma of Russia and Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2006, 51 p.

4. K. Nurpeisov Alash pursue Alashorda. Almaty, 1995, Р.34-35.

5. Kazakhstan. National encyclopedia. Almaty,1998, Р.249-250.

6. F. Ali. Turkestan sheytteri // Juldız 1997, N1, 104 p.

7. Kaliev S. Of Baitursynov pedagogical approaches. Kazakh   the history of the teaching of the people. Almaty, 1992, Р.193-208.

8. Zimanov S.Z, Idrisov K.Z. Social and political views Mukhamedzhan Seralin.

Almaty, 1989, 69 p.

9. M. Dulatov Artworks. Almaty, 1991, 300 p.

10. Ozganbaev O. State Duma of Russia and Kazakhstan. Almaty, 2006, Р.159-160.

11. Diary of iron core is misleading // Legal newspaper. 2013, 1 February, 5 p.