Магистрант Калыбекова Н.И., к.п.н. Тургинбаева Л.В.

Региональный социально-инновационный университет, Казахстан

Южно-Казахстанский государственный педагогический институт, Казахстан

THE ROLE OF THE PROJECT WORK

IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE COGNITIVE ACTIVITY OF PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

The project work is relevant and effective, it develops cognitive activity, research thinking, communicative and practical skills of a pre-school child, contributes to a successful transition to the next stage of education.

The project work is not new in the world of pedagogy. This method has found a wide distribution and has become very popular due to a rational combination of theoretical knowledge and their practical application for solving specific problems of the surrounding reality in the joint activity of the pre-school students.

The project work contains various forms of research work that easily fit into the joint activity of the teacher and pre-school children. This very age is characterized by more stable attention, observance, the ability to begin analysis, synthesis, self-esteem, and the desire for joint activity. And, which is very important, the project takes into account the joint cognitive and search activity of children, teachers and parents.

The development of the cognitive motivation activity of a pre-school child is very relevant on a number of reasons:

- Firstly, the child should receive a positive social experience of realizing his own plans as soon as possible. The uniqueness of a person is manifested not in its appearance, but in what a person brings into his social environment. If what seems most important to him is of interest to other people, he finds himself in a situation of social acceptance that stimulates his personal growth and self-realization;

- Secondly, the growing dynamism of economic and social relations requires the search for new, non-standard actions in a variety of circumstances. Non-standard actions based on the originality of thinking;

- Thirdly, the idea of harmonious diversity as a promising form of social development also implies the ability to show productive initiative.

In addition, the project work is a system of educational and cognitive techniques that allow to solve this or that problem as a result of independent and collective actions of pre-school children together with the tutor and mandatory presentation of the results of their work. The presentation of the project is different, for example, the demonstration of the product resulting from the work on the project, the play, role play, etc.

The application of the project work is aimed at the result, which the child can see, comprehend, apply in real practice. To achieve this result, it is necessary to teach children to independently think, find and solve problems, drawing for this purpose knowledge from different areas, the ability to predict results.

At the core of the project work is the development of the cognitive activity of preschoolers, the ability to independently design their knowledge, the ability to navigate in the information space, the development of critical and creative thinking.

The application of the project work is connected with the child’s reality, is based on actual children’s interests, thereby contributing to the development of cognitive activity of children.

Applying projects in pedagogical activity, it is important to show the children the significance in the acquired knowledge, which can and should be useful to them in life. To do this, we need a problem, taken from real life, familiar and meaningful for the child, for the solution of which it is necessary to apply the acquired knowledge, new knowledge that is yet to be acquired.

Making use the project work in pre-school education as one of the methods of integrated pre-school education allows to significantly increase the cognitive activity of children, develop creative thinking, the ability of children to independently, in various ways find information about an interesting subject or phenomenon and use this knowledge to create new objects of reality. It also makes the educational system of a pre-school educational institution open for active participation of parents. The specificity of the use of the project work in pre-school practice is that adults need to “guide” the child, help to detect the problem or even provoke its occurrence, attract interest to it and “involve” children in a joint project.