Postgraduate Department of
Information Systems and Technology Management Shubchik O.A.
Donetsk National University of Economy and trade, Donetsk, Ukraine
INTEGRATION OF BALANCED SCORE CARD WITH PERSONAL BALANCED SYSTEM IN CORPORATE
ENTERPRISES
The rapid development of the concepts of corporate management and
management technologies is the hallmark of the Ukrainian economy. Particular
attention is paid to strategic management. The analysis of the activities of
large corporations showed that performance without proper strategic management
is a very risky business. Research in this area leads to the emergence of new
paradigms, concepts and tools, based on balanced scorecards.
Therefore, in our work we consider the problem of developing a system of strategic
indicators for the management of corporate enterprise and its integration with personally
balanced scorecard.
The Balanced Scorecard of corporate enterprises (BSC) is a system of
management of the enterprise through measurement and evaluation of its efficiency
on the basis of the set of indicators reflecting all significant (in terms of
strategy) aspects of the activity.
It should be noted that one of the most interesting ideas is the management
of efficiency based on the Balanced ScoreCard (BSC), offered by R. Kaplan and
D. Norton. The main purpose of this concept is to implement the ideas of
management of a corporation into a reality, and also to connect the strategy to
operations and cost factors.
BSC-Kaplan-Norton model is not unique. The following is considered a number
of alternatives that are also designed to evaluate the business activity and to
link the indicators used with the strategy of the company.
Lorenz Meisel model (Lawrence S. Maisel) was proposed in 1992. It has the
same name as the model of the Kaplan-Norton. Meisel also defines four
perspectives on the basis of which business activity should be evaluated.
Instead of training and growth perspectives L. Meisel in his model uses the
perspective of human resources.
C.J. McNair, Richard L. Lunch, Kelvin F. Cross in 1990 presented a model,
which they called the Pyramid of efficiency. As in other models, which we
consider, the basic concept is the relationship with the customer-oriented
corporate strategy with financial performance, and extended by several key
qualitative (non-financial) indicators. The Pyramid f efficiency on four
different stages shows the structure of the enterprise, providing two-way
communications and necessary for decision-making at different levels of management.
Christopher Adams (C. Adams) and Peter Roberts (P. Roberts) in 1993 proposed
another model, called EP2M ("You are what you measure" in
the Journal “Manufacturing Europe"). EP2M abbreviation of
Effective Progress and Performance Measurement.
According to Adams-Roberts, it is important, first of all, what the company
does in the following four areas:
·
servicing customers and
markets;
·
improvement of internal
processes (increase of efficiency and profitability);
·
management of changes and
strategy;
·
property and freedom of action.
Hubert K. Rampersand - Bachelor and Master of Science, Ph.D., offers us the
concept of "personal balanced scorecard." He sees it as an effective
method of coaching and self training that can help achieve good results in
their work. The role of the personal balanced scorecard is to change the
behavior of an individual in order to improve the efficiency of the
organization, increase productivity, introduce new ideas, increase the accomplishment
of employees and increase their motivation. Therefore, PBSC is an integral part
of the universal system of indicators.
However, the author considers this system with the personal side, so we
have tried to highlight the performance of the developed system that relate to
economics and management.
Let us illustrate the balanced scorecard and its integration with personal
one by the example of the enterprise for production and sale of food products.
The company's mission is to manufacture high-quality products to the public,
providing revenue to its employees, giving everyone the opportunity to realize his
creative potential.
The main strategic direction of the business is to maximize the
strengthening of already established commitment of customers by expanding the
range of products offered to them.
To speed up the recognition of new products it is possible to use a
representative brand gained when only natural products are used in the
production. It should be emphasized that the basis of a balanced scorecard is a
causal interdependence of targets and indicators. Defining the relationship
with personal indicators we pointed out the basic personal performance of each
criterion of efficiency of the enterprise.
The top management holds the decomposition so that the achievement of each objective
should become the area of responsibility of one of the managers of industrial
enterprises. To visualize let us present the decomposition of objectives and scorecard
in the table.
|
Projections of balanced scorecard (Criteria of efficiency) |
Objectives of the enterprise |
Balanced scorecard |
Personal balanced scorecard |
|
1.Finance |
1.Effective management of
financial resources; 2.Providing of sales volume
surplus 3.Reduction of production
cost price |
1.Surplus
of sales volume 2.Sales
profitability 3.Profitability
of equity |
1.Salary; 2 Bonuses; 3 Pension; 4 Insurance; |
|
2Marketing |
1.Encouraging sales; 2.Increase of
customers’general satisfaction; 3.Providing effective
pricing policy |
1.Rating of customers’
satisfaction 2. The
indicator of intense product distribution; 3.Share of sales expenses
in proceeds 4.Share of
new customers in the area |
1.Bonus
for attracting and keeping customers. |
|
3.Production and development |
1.Increase of management of
capital; 2.Providing quality of products 3.Increase of efficiency of
managing working assets. |
1.Coefficient
of intensity of renewal of working assets 2.Resource capacity 3.Share of
expenses for providing the quality of products 4.Share of ownership in working assets |
1.Bonus for innovation ideas 2.Share of
new products in sales; |
|
4.Personnel |
1.Improvement of management
at the enterprise 2.Improvement of personnel management 3.Increase of personnel
efficiency |
1.Turnover
of workforce 2.Effectiveness
of management; 3Surplus
of labour productivity 4.Excess
of labour productivity surplus over surplus of wages 5.Index of
employees’ satisfaction |
1. Quantity
of fields of competence; 2. Share
of achieved training objectives; 3.Level of
managerial skills; 4. Average
period of holding a position; 5. Level of skills and creative
capabilities |
As you can see, the enterprise strategy of manufacturing and sales is to
strengthen and expand its presence in the regional sales market while
maintaining the competitiveness of the enterprise. A common strategy for the
growth stage is a product differentiation, either by creating a brand, or emphasizing
any specific product features. Typically, such support is at the stage of its
development, and further increases the overall cost of marketing. These costs
need to be assessed from a financial point of view as a long-term investment of
enterprise. Any undue preference exerted at this stage for short-term financial
results, can easily undermine the long-term success of the business, leading to
an underestimation of investment in marketing.
By linking this strategy to personal performance, we can determine the
rules by which people can assess their progress in achieving the goals of the
enterprise. With PBSC one can estimate a person's actions from the perspective
of how he uses his personal capacity and achieves personal goals.
Such factor of efficiency, as the staff, its determination and the
relationship with the individual indicators, such as the development of skills
and creative abilities, competence, directly affects the process of improving
the efficiency of the entire enterprise, namely, the improvement of enterprise
management, process of staff management, as well as increase of the efficiency
of all staff.