Doctor of historical sciences, ðrofessor Dosbol Baigunakov
THE ÍISTORY
OF KAZAKHSTAN IN INTERNET-MEDIA: ITS ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT TENDENCIES*
Currently, in terms of
increasing integration of Kazakhstan into the world community, the actuality of entering the informative society
is realized clearly by a scientific network. However, some representatives of
Kazakhstani intellectuals oppose the idea of foreign media-group expansion and
express their opinion openly in mass media, demonstrating their worries about a
national uniqueness and centuries old culture óäèòîðèåé. With all this, it is impossible to consider Kazakhstan apart from
peculiarities of world historical, political, cultural and linguistic
development. This is why, the question of studying varied Internet resources on
the basis of methodological and theoretical conception, different methods and
approaches of interdisciplinary sciences emerged in domestic historiography. One the one hand, this could enlarge integration
processes in a science and assist to emphasize the core of mediaculture of the
modern society, which is an inseparable part of scientific development including opinion, information exchange/usage
and alike.
Internet users of Kazakhstan
are served by hundreds of sites. Sites of common educational function are of
great prominence. A general analysis of historical, social-economic and
social-cultural directions of internet agencies allows stating that they
support cultural values and historical traditions of Kazakh people. Especially,
it is clear during surfing sites designated to Kazakh auditorium. Most of them
suggest users varied genres including informational (notes, interviews, reports
and reportages), analytical (talks, articles, correspondences, reviews, surveys
and revues) and literary-publicistic (essays, feature articles and pamphlets)
reflecting the àrts and ñulture, history of Kazakhstan. Most popular of them are «azattyq.org», «àbai.kz»,
«kazakh.ru»,
«elim.kz»,
«namus.kz», «alash.kz», «i-news.kz»,
«tarih.spring.kz» and
other sites providing with such rubrics as education, health, culture,
spirituality, politics, sports, interview, life, society, law, bringing up generation,
national identity and others.
Especially in recent years, the Internet demonstrates the
unprecedented technological breakthrough in the field of communication,
engaging in processes of globalization of society and serving an integral part
of the spiritual life of urban society, while causing among experts to his
special research interest. Modern Internet resources, being a mobile structure,
differ from other media holdings by their efficiency and inclusiveness, which is evidenced by their active influence on the general public [1]. Most of the mass media have opened their
own websites for the Internet users, and periodicals produce an electronic version of the publication, in
addition, producers of TV programs often use the service even Internet portals,
in its own turn, it shows the
possibility of a mutually beneficial exchange of information and intellectual
co-operation [1]. Now a computer,
laptop and mobile phone with internet access, that can provide the necessary information in an instant without any difficulties, became unconditional attributes of being a modern man. Perhaps it is the secret of the popularity of the Internet, deep public
interest may lurk here,
explaining the uniqueness of the structure and role of the Internet in the
world. Identifying
the specific role of the Internet here is, of course, not quite simple, but a fascinating and urgent task.
The development of information technology leads to a new
paradigm of learning. Continuity of education in space and time deprives the
discreteness, and dynamically developing educational content helps to equalize the level of education, regardless of
geographic origin. It can be argued that not only the center but also in the
regions already have substantial scientific and methodological groundwork for
their implementation, created by the joint efforts of the media and the education system. Such interaction
can significantly raise the educational level of the population, pushing the
limits of traditional education, with an emphasis on functional literacy, that
is, on the knowledge that are needed by lives.
It should be noted that the
original information on any topic or on a specific historical terms can be obtained from "Wikipedia"
in the Kazakh language. This informative and educational site meets modern requirements encyclopedias and
user requests. If earlier the Kazakh-speaking consumers had used the services of Wikipedia in Russian, thanks to Wikipedia
last two or three years, they receives the information
already in their native language. Presenting a wealth of material on the
history of Kazakhstan "Wikipedia" itself expands its information
space, inviting everybody to cooperation (kk.wikipedia.org). Now this site is still in the process of
development. Most
of its materials are time-tested, articles are written
clearly and concisely, in a so-called encyclopedic style. The main sources of
Wikipedia, in addition to scientific publications, are
encyclopedias, such as "Kazakstan. National Encyclopedia
"(10 volumes)," Otyrar ", etc. [4; 5].
Perhaps sites that offer
ready-made essays, dissertations are popular among students like referaty-v.kz, topreferat.kz, referat.kz, referat.nur.kz, 1referat.kz,
referaty.kz, diplom.kz, diplomy. kz, kursovik-diplom.kz, referat.resurs.kz,
decan.kz, 1001referat.kz, etc. For most of the finished work is characterized
by integrity, structural, availability of components. Pages of Kazakhstan
history reflected in these papers show that the basis of
historical education remains stable and finished products meet the interests of users.
In general, the occurrence of
the above mentioned sites do not change the work of educational
institutions, only ways of obtaining information from the public have
changed. For the "lazy" (?) students Internet has become
commonplace and the primary means of obtaining information on the history of
Kazakhstan, so far experts of history
must cooperate with the information agencies and online networkers in providing
its services in the world web, and supplying each customer with quality
materials for the past stage of the Kazakh people. Maybe it's imperative of time. First of all, the Internet is an archive with a powerful
structure for the storage of large amounts of information, and secondly, day by day this mega archive continues to expand rapidly as a complex
multi-disciplinary organization.
Materials on the history of
Kazakhstan on the web makes it possible to state
that at this stage a definite system of sites have been established in KazNet, dedicated to delivering
information to a wide audience. The major areas of modern sites include the
development of finished products, the creation of the database, if necessary,
the provision of audio-visual materials. In addition, their development
trend are quite noticeable [6, 47].
Perhaps the main problem of sites
representing materials on the history of Kazakhstan, is a duplicate content.
The content of many essays roam from one site to another. Also, sometimes incomplete or outdated information on
historical phenomena and events of a particular period are
given. In order to determine the nature of Internet
resources and problems of national history in them, it is necessary to solve
some problems, such as justifying a
product use of the intellectual property,
studying structural and functional
aspects of the nature of the materials available in the field of education,
defining the importance of Internet
resources in education, offering ways
to improve the quality of the materials and their functioning in KazNet, defining the theoretical status of online materials in the
research area of historiography, etc.
*Òhis work is done
within "The organization
of training Native stories using information and communication technologies:
creating a single online resource on the history of Kazakhstan and multimedia
laboratory" center of history education in Kazakhstan " project. 0337/GF.
References:
1. Kalmukov A.A., Kochanova L.A.
Internet-jurnalistika. –Ì., 2005.
-383 p.
2. Akopov A.I. Sociokyltyrnue i pravovue problem
internet-jurnalistiki // Akcentu. Novoe
v
massovoi kommunikacii.
–Voronej,
2003. -¹1-2. –P.17-26
3. Dolgopolov A.Y. Kategorialnue priznaki obektov v
gumanitarnom Internete // Vestnik VGU. Seria: Filologia. Jurnalistika.–Vîrînåj, 2004. -¹2. –P.139-144.
4. Kazakstan.
National Encyclopedia " (10 volumes).
–A., 1998-2008.
5.
Otyrar. Encyclopedia. –À., 2006.
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