FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF SHARP RESPIRATORY

DISEASES AT CHILDREN

Fedyuchenko A.G.

Children's infectious diseases hospital of the city of Astana, Kazakhstan

Relevance. The problem of sharp respiratory diseases of the bacterial and virus nature continues to remain actual in pediatrics in connection with their high frequency of registration and a wide circulation [1].

To the share of sharp respiratory diseases falls from 60 to 90% of all children's infectious incidence [2].

Frequency of infections is highest at children of younger age as in this age group physiological decrease in the local and general resilience (resistance) [3] takes place.

The purpose of the real research was studying of structure of incidence by sharp respiratory diseases at children of the city of Astana.

Materials and methods. 134 clinical records of children aged from 1 month till 14 years hospitalized in city children's hospital with the diagnosis of an acute respiratory disease of average and heavy severity were analyzed.

Sick children were divided into 3 age groups:

The I group (1 month - 2 years 11 months) - 85 people;

The II group (3 years - 6 years 11 months) - 37 people;

The III group (7 years - 14лет) - 12человек.

The lives given the anamnesis, disease, and the epidemiological anamnesis were analyzed, estimated clinical manifestations of an illness, гемограмму, results of tool, bacteriological, virology inspection. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out by means of the STATISTICA 7.0 program.

Results. It is noted that in the I group of patients the majority (68,7%) don't visit the preschool institution (PI). Chronic diseases of respiratory system in the anamnesis had 0,4% of children.

The group of the often ill was made by 13,3% of patients. Contact with infectious patients was come into at every third diseased. In 50,4% of cases of patients the beginning of a disease was sharp with temperature increase to 38,4±0,8 .

At all patients of this group rhinitis, pharyngitis, increases in almonds to 1-2 degrees were revealed. The purulent raid on almonds is noted at a third of kids. The phenomena of bronchitis took place at 32,6%, pneumonia - at 9,1%.

At research haemogram it was noted limphosityes. The etiology of a disease was specified at 31,5%. From them at 24,5% - bacterial, at 7,0% - virus, at 2% - virus and bacterial.

Among bacterial activators met Stph. aureus and a pneumococcus, among virus - a virus of flu of H1N1 more often.

In the II age group the majority of children (77,3%) was visited by preschool institutions.

Chronic diseases of bodies of respiratory system were available for a small amount of preschool children (1,2%).

The group of often ill children included 28,9% of patients. Contact with infectious patients as was established at a third of the hospitalized.

The majority of the diseased had a sharp beginning of a disease. The maximum lifting of temperature made 38,3+0,7.

Defeat of respiratory ways and change in haemogram were similar to those of patients of 1 group.

The etiology of a disease was specified at 31,5% of preschool children. The bacterial infection (25%) prevailed, it was less often noted virus (5,4%) or virus and bacterial (1,5%).

Among activators met Stph. aureus and a virus of flu of H1N1 more often.

All sick the III age group attended school.

At 4% chronic diseases of bodies of respiratory system were revealed. The group of often ill children included 33,7%.

Contact with infectious patients was come into in 20,7% of cases. At 62,1% of school students the disease began sharply with temperature increase to 38,4 + 0,8 .

Almost all had rhinitis, pharyngitis, almonds of 1 and 2 degrees of increase. Defeat of respiratory ways and change in haemogram also were similar to indicators of patients of 1 and 2 groups.

The etiology of a disease was specified at 41,8%, from them bacterial - 31%, virus - 10,8%, virus and bacterial - 2,7%. Among activators met Stph. aureus and a virus of flu of H1N1 more often.

Conclusions. Thus, at children of different age sharp respiratory diseases are accompanied by frequent defeat of the top respiratory ways, is rarer - bottom.

The etiology of an acute respiratory disease is specified in 31,5-41,8% of cases. The most frequent causative agents of a disease from specified are Stph. aureus and a virus of flu of H1N1.

Literature:

1. Chistyakova V. R. Children's otorhinolaryngology. M – 2001 - 431с.

2. Zaytseva O. V., Shcherbakova M. Yu. Sharp respiratory diseases at children: Modern aspects of treatment and prevention. /Grant for doctors. - M - 2003.

3. Zaplatnikov A.L. Kliniko-patogenetichesky justification of an immunotherapy and immunoprevention of virus and bacterial diseases at children. Avtoref. yew. … Dr.s of medical sciences. – M - 2003.