Abilbekova B.T

A senior lecturer of the Department of practical linguistics

Kostanay State University named after A. Baitursynov

THE MEANING OF PHRASEOLOGISMS TEACH COMPARING WITH

RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

Phraseme - localization of words rather formed and gives a completely different meaning from the words in the composition. The words from phraseme can not be interchanged and replaced with other words. No matter how many words in phraseme, it gives us the same meaning. In the sentences serve as just one member of the sentence. For example: Open-eyed and as sharp as a needle citizens serve to the country. Questions of phrasemes in this sentence Open-eyed and as sharp as a needle is What? Is set sane and responds to questions of attribute. We can say phareme as phraseology, phraseologism in scientific language. Phraseology in "Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary" gives the following definition, "Phraseologism - form is similar to the syntactic structure, but does not form the moment of pronunciation, re-apply in the final proposal form-stable semantic and lexical - grammatical structure”. By this definition, we can say that the phraseologism includes all kinds of stable expression. To the forms of phraseologisms may also include nominative unity, ready official business documents.

These forms of phraseologisms has not the same relationship to the structuring, meaning, usage and vocabulary. And for this, based on the practice phraseologisms are considered on a narrow and broad meanings. The importance of this division, the validity of rapprochement with lexicology. Phraseologisms are divided into several types: idiomatic combinations or idiom (Example: fit as a fiddle, let the cat out of the bag), proverbs (All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy; Jack of all trades is master of none). The ranks of phraseologisms besides them, also used two or more words, but keeping the original meaning, stands for one meaning of combining words (lexical combination).

Phraseologism	Meaning
be all in	be extremely tired
catch one's breath	stop and rest
fall out of love	stop loving
keep one's word	fulfill a promise
slip (from) one's mind	forget
man Friday	a true servant
work like a Trojan.	to work very hard
couch potato	a lazy person
trip the light fantastic	to dance
all thumbs	clumsy, awkward.
for a song	almost free, very cheap

Phraseological unit stable in composition and structure, indivisible and integral lexically meaningfully phrase that acts like a separate lexemes (lexical units) is called phraseological turnovers. Forms of phraseological turnovers do not always clearly differ from each other from for it by, classification in linguistics is considered, that it is a very difficult task. In linguistics, phraseological turnovers are considered from different points of view, accordingly because of this they are grouped on a miscellaneous.

Беречь как зеницу ока	Treasure it
В пух и в прах	In the fluff and dust
В прятки играть	Play hide and seek
Седьмым небе	Over the moon
Хоть глаза выколи	Көзге түртсе көргісіз
Как в воду канул	Plumb gone
Волосы встали дыбом	Hair stood on end

Academician V. Vinogradov divides the phraseological units into three: phraseological fusion, phraseological unity and phraseological combination. N.M.Shansky explores phraseologisms in Russian, supporting the classification above, considers phraseological expressions is the fourth type of phraseological turnovers. If phraseologisms will be translated into Russian, they have synonymous meaning with each other. Example: But nevertheless, when translated phraseologisms from Kazakh into Russian or Russian into Kazakh, using translation vellum do not always a good idea. Because, when translating from one language to another meaning, colorful, melodiousness of words are lost or that word we want to say can change the meaning of the word, and indicate a completely different meaning. Example: Ни рыба, ни мясо — Neither fish nor fowl. Как две капли воды — Like two peas. Лучше поздно, чем никогда — Better late than never. Правда - хорошо, а счастье - лучше —- True is good, but happiness is better etc. When translated phraseologisms into Russian, special attention should be paid to the origin of phraseologisms. For example, phraseologisms, which are used at a given time in Russian, there are words taken from other languages. They are: "Mieux vaut tard que jamais", "tuer le temps" (French), “Cold War "," iron level " (English). And also in the Russian language there are many words related to ancient Greek mythology: “Achilles' heel”, “Alpha and Omega”, “Trojan Horse”, “Homeric laughter”, “Sisyphean labor”. Here is how these words, we can not take and translate phraseological turnovers without knowing the origin of the word and their meaning. It would be nice, if when translated into the Kazakh language will be given a reference of these words, and also definitions. There are two types in the development of phraseologisms: The first, primarily phraseologisms done and formed on a national feature on the native speakers. It depends on the internal development of the language. The second is external development process of phraseologism. It have an ability to mixe phraseologisms from one language to another. In colloquial speech from one language to another, as well as in writing (journalism, fiction) phraseologisms are mixed. Example: green market, dust the eyes of, lessons of life, better late than never, the beginning is always difficult, everything is shiny is not always gold, dove of peace etc. these combinations in our language was formed under the influence of the Russian language, and enriches phrasal words. And also I came, I saw, I conquered (Julius Caesar), Time is on our side (Gladstone). Time works great changes (Heraclitus), The style is the man himself (Buffon) and other such aphorisms of different countries came into our speech through the Russian language. Thus, despite the origin phraseologisms, because of the relationship of people, they complement each other. On the one hand, it is the task of the successful translation of phraseologisms. That is, when translated phraseologisms from one language to another, they are used closely, harmoniously

List of reference:

1. A.Bolganbaiev «Lexicography and phraseology of Kazakh language»

3. Kenesbaev «Phraseological dictionary of Kazakh language»