Makhmetova N. K.
Undergraduate of psychology and pedagogic chair,
Pavlodar State University named after S. Toraigyrov, Kazakhstan
FEATURES
OF DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS’
MEANING
OF LIFE ORIENTATIONS
An important prerequisite to achieve life
and professional self-formation of the student becomes life orientation in the education system. This is due to the fact that
this age is a sensitive period for semantic sphere of education, life orientations as a communication system reflects the direction of
the person forming the human world.
Studying is a period in the development of man, when a person goes to the
new frontiers of understanding of the world, actively metabolizes , reproduces
social content (norms, social roles ), which corresponds to the process of
socialization , and at the same time transforming these into meaningful
content.
The transition from one age category to another is usually associated
with complex personality changes, changes in the structure of consciousness, meaning
of life revision purposes , correction of life plans of anyone's life, because
it is oriented to something objectively makes sense, which, however, can’t be
realized by a man untill his death. And the main thing here is not informed about the meaning of life, and the
saturation of real everyday life real meaning. However, situations in life can
put a man in front of the problem in the realization of the meaning of life.
Understand and articulate the meaning of his life - then evaluate your life as
a whole.
The meaning of life orientation– is an integrated system of conscious and selective
communication, reflecting personality orientation,
the presence of life goals, meaningful choices and assessments,
life satisfaction (self-realization) and
the ability to take responsibility for it, influencing its
course. According to V.E.Chudnovsky, meaning of life
orientation should be "productive", i.e. adequate
and contribute to a positive development of the individual [1].
The meaning of life orientations can be
considered in two aspects. First, those areas of life in which this particular
person is most likely to find meaning in their lives. Second, the meaning of life is a relationship with the
future, present and past human. The meaning of life
orientations reflecs the extent to which human life is present worthwhile goal,
the extent to which he believes the process of his life rich
and interesting, and to what extent he was satisfied
with the results already achieved.
In a society in terms of social instability
when old values do not work, the students are looking for new meaning in life
orientation and seek to adapt them to their own circumstances. The meaning of
life orientations is formed in social and cultural environment in the
assimilation of social experience. They appear in order, ideals, beliefs,
interests, and other aspects of the individual's consciousness and direct
behavior and personal development, determine the choice of way of life,
self-determination rights, determining its potential now and in the future.
They allow you to judge the meaningfulness, richness of life. From these
benchmarks depends not only the existence of a specific person, but the entire
community of people. Achieve happiness outside of search and discovery of the
meaning of life, according to V. Frankl, unsuccessfully [2].
The presence of the meaning of life is the
leading criterion of formation of the individual, a measure of how a person is
ready to manage their lives and is independent of external circumstances. According
to K.A Abulkhanova-Slavskaya [3], the meaning of life - it's value and at the
same time experiencing this human values in the process of production, appropriation or
implementation.
Searching and finding the meaning of
life - it's a long process, its transformation may occur during a person's
lifetime. The most sensitive period of the life of self-determination is
considered to be youthful, when there is awareness of himself, his "I», clarify the temporal perspective of the future , the
definition of professional and life plans. At present, the boys and girls have
the task of self- construction of the system of norms, values and
conceptual installations. In this regard, the process of internalization of
cultural meanings is subject to random influences and different
unpredictability and spontaneity. The meaning of life orientations personality,
her outlook on life, the plans are a projection of the spiritual life of
society affected by social influences, due to the system of education and
training, a certain structure of social relations. We can say that meaning of
life orientations are dynamic projection of meaning in life personality
concepts to specific conditions of her daily life. [4]
Thus, it can be noted that the most important prerequisite for the
successful fulfillment of the student in the future is the concerted,
consistent system of life orientations, which underlies the formation of meaningful
and chronologically consistent life goals and plans. Study the students’
meaning of life orientations and the dynamics of their development in the
learning process at the university will identify new reserves of efficiency of
the process of personal and professional self-determination and the
establishment of a modern young people. [5] On the basis of studying the
meaning of life orientations can estimate a person's ability to structuring its
relations with the world and submission to their livelihoods sustainable
structure of these relations, as opposed to short-term momentum and external
stimuli.We believe that it is necessary to pay special attention to the
development of the meaning of life orientations at first-year students , as in
the process of adaptation to training in high school , they , as L.D.
Stolyarenko [5] , are experiencing a lot of problems , namely, the negative
feelings associated with the departure of the school community ; uncertainty
motivating career choices , lack of psychological preparation for it ;
inability to carry out psychological self-regulation of behavior and activity ,
compounded by the lack of habit to the daily monitoring of teachers ; search
for the optimal regime of work and rest in the new environment ; establishment
of life and self-service , especially during the transition from home to the
hostel ; lack of skills of independent work , inability to take notes , work
with primary sources , dictionaries , directories , etc. In such circumstances,
the student must determine its own destiny; find your life path leading to
success. This period, coupled with the painfully difficult process of
self-discovery, finding your own «I». Life of a young man posing in front of
the need to adopt a number of important decisions permits the vital problems in
the shortage of experience.
Awareness of the meaning of life occurs when a person goes through life
overcoming some difficulties in the process of solving intrapersonal or
interpersonal conflicts [6]. The meaning of life orientations depends on the
choice of profession. Values are much more susceptible to
age. Consequently, this difference disappears with age, but if it disappeared
painless and contributed to the development of semantic sphere, it requires
special work. However, first-year students at the stage of adaptation to
university sometimes have difficulties to make informed decisions and implement
them.
Thus, the student age, the conditions for the manifestation of
psychological tumors - the meaning of life, which develops on the basis of the
formation of the main motive (life purpose), to identify and formulate the main
problem associated with the distant future. Awareness of meaning of landmarks
in this period becomes a promising strategic focus, freedom from the influence
of the situation and short-term temptations, impulsive urges.
Literature
1. Chudnovsky V.E. On the problem of the adequacy of the meaning of life.
/ / World of Psychology. 1999. ¹ 2. S. 74
2. Frankl V. Man’s Search for
Meaning : Collection / Society. Ed. L.Y.Gozman and D.A. Leontiev. - Moscow:
Progress Publishers , 1990.
3. Abulkhanova-Slavskaya K.A.
Life strategy / K.A. Abulkhanova - Slavskaya .M. , 1991. .
4. Golysheva Z.V. Dynamics of life orientations (longitudinal study). / /
Psychological problems of the meaning of life - Moscow, 2009.
5 .Stolyarenko L.D
.-Psychology. Rostov- on-Don, "Phoenix ", 2003.
6. Gonchar S.N. Features of
development of modern life orientations freshmen - Perm: Mercury, 2012 . - P.
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