Экономические науки/ 10.Экономика предприятия.

Kanatkyzy A. , Jakysheva U.K

Al – Farabi Kazakh National University

Inflation in our country and measures to eliminate

A variety of complex and difficult economic situation in the country socio-economic phenomenon of inflation. The problem of inflation has an important place in economic science, and its indicators and socio – economic impacts play a role in the assessment of economic security of the country and the world economy capital. The relevance of the development of inflation in the modern world mseleni cases these entities are the root causes and the impact in the financial statements is the determination and its features.

"Inflation" is a term (from the Latin word – cebo, swelling) at the treatment of money appeared in the middle of the XIX century .

Traditionally, the most common definition of inflation – the overflow of the circulation the mass of paper money compared with the needs of trade more lie, their impairment and as a result – growth of prices for goods and personnel, a drastic decrease of money on the acquisition date.

In States with transition economy and growth of inflation processes tempmin changes. These changes in inflation, in the most difficult and unmanageable properties.

Out, so that in his message, the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan: "Monetary policy's main objective is to ensure the containment of inflation. The national Bank and the government share the responsibility for achieving this goal. For this purpose they are vested with all necessary powers and tools".

Prices for food goods for the previous month by 1.8%, non – food products- by 0.9%, paid services – by 1.2%.

	2016 year January
	2015 year December	2015 year January	2010 year December
Goods and services	1,3	14,4	47,4
Food products	1,8	11,6	44,8
Non-food items	0,9	23,8	50,1
Paid services	1,2	8,6	47,5

The growth of prices for vegetables last month, newly collected by 8.2%, eggs – by 4.3%, again the collected fruits – by 3.7%, for bread, for sugar – by 3.2%, potato, black tea – by 2.8%, for nuts and dried fruits by 2.6%, cottage cheese – by 2.2%, cereals, sunflower oil – by 2.1%, cheese rennet – by 2%, poultry by 1.9%, vegetable-butter – by 1.8%, canned milk – by 1.7%, pasta – by 1.3%, confectionery products – by 1.2%, bread and products made from flour – by 1.1%.

The growth of prices for pharmaceutical products by 4% appliances – 2%, textiles, glass and ceramic products – 1.9%, other products and subjects carrying the necessary products in a way – at 1.5%, detergents and cleaning products, automobiles – 1.2%, goods of personal use – 1%, clothing and footwear – by 0.7%.

Fares on long distance rail transport-by 4.9%, services of preschool education – by 3.2%, the cost of travel by bus in the city's message on internal – 1.8%, on health services – by 1.4%. Legal services, insurance of personal vehicles, to pay 7%.

Housing and communal services tariffs for gas transported through the distribution networks in the area of 3.4%, cold water – by 2.5%, Sewerage – by 2.2%, electricity – by 1.3%, Central heating-1.1%.

The change in the price of consumer goods and services

The consumer price index characterizing inflation, shows the change in prices for goods and services purchased by households for personal consumption. Goods and services 510 includes position. Prices on selective network of trading enterprises and sphere of services of various forms of ownership in all regional centers, capital and to a certain circle of cities and district centers. Used for aggregation system of weights in terms of their costs is calculated on the basis of household surveys for the prior year.

From January 2016 the CPI the share of food products is 36.7%, non-food items at 31.4%, paid services – by 31.9%.

There are two types of inflation – demand and cost increases due to growth. In everyday life it is very difficult to distinguish between these two types. For example, health care costs grew rapidly, consumption has increased aggregate in the back, this causes inflation of demand. In the case of goods, the demand for resources increases, some firms in the materials, resources, fuel, consumption increased was observed. Penalties, which at that time will be forced to raise prices on goods. Inflation of demand due to rising production costs. But many firms believe that inflation in the consumption of it. This is something that is difficult to discern which of the two types. Demand inflation occurs when aggregate costs. Consumption automatically, and inflation itself will not. While reducing internal turnover of the products will decrease and the volume of supply in fact. This will prevent increased costs.

In the description of the anti-inflationary policy, we can distinguish two methods. The method is carried out in the framework of the first active fiscal policy – government spending, driven by demand and taxes for impact. To reduce government spending in terms of inflation, taxes shall. The result is reduced demand and lower inflation. However, the growth of production clients, can direct to increased unemployment. The cost of braking of inflation and for the society it will be. With the downturn in the demand budgetary policy will focus on the extension. If demand is insufficient, then the costs will increase the state's investment program is being run, lower taxes. Reduces primarily with low-income tax subjects in the market.

The classical economists of the direction of second new techniques. They are in first place in the monetary regulation method puts. This method helps itemld indirectly on the state of the economy. This is for gsed policy of the Central Bank directly to the government. The loan and interest, the Central Bank alters the volume of money in circulation (in percent) of the agreement regulates, as well as the economy as a whole.

The effects of inflation, as well as all social groups, economic sectors will be affected on almatinian. The analysis of the different solutions currently, many economists and economists. But many his opinion of qualified economists, monetary policy.

Unfolding inflation, increasing economic and social contradictions, the state will begin to apply measures to eliminate trasandina asinder berette money circulation and inflation .

Inflation, a complex of measures on liquidation of the company on the actions of the production — economic, legal, institutional and moral spheres of their action in different parties, but includes lexuss basic production — economic sphere.

The achievement of macroeconomic and fiscal policy, methods of use of the money for the elimination of inflation demand will be significantly ordinary.

Inflation against policy — a set of measures for state regulation of the economy, directed on struggle against inflation. Policies such policies on aggregate demand and incomes policies in a way that are installed on the two main.

Deglacial, policy, reduce costs, raise interest rates for the loan, strengthening the tax burden, restriction of the money supply by the monetary regulation through the mechanism of demand and tax money. This policy constrains the growth of the economy.

The policy of income — wages, in whole or Mata and their costs by establishing limits on their growth requires a parallel control. Its implementation can cause social friction.

Anti-inflationary fiscal policy of increasing taxes, reducing government spending and reducing the budget deficit of the state on that basis.

In terms of inflation, fiscal policy in two interrelated but conflicting objectives that need to be addressed:

bursten, to eliminate the deficit in the state budget, its revenues and increase the level of changesthe achievement; secondly, upstream in the economy - in the sphere of production, exchange and economic revitalization.

Anti-inflationary tax policy indirect taxation to reduce . The inflationary nature of indirect taxes, since they increase prices, reduce srandy. Taxes above action is pressure on production, the second aspect that limits the performance. Thirdly, a significant tax burden, generally a lot of taxes the tax system action contact, this leads to saltarina tax.

Therefore, when the inflation will not entail tax system with an emphasis on consumption, the burden of taxation on the basis of a simple and reliable geeu will be better. These requirements are largely consistent with the classification depending on the value of the property and rates income tax property tax high degree.

In any case, national development programmes, reduce costs, most of the action is not worthy of projects in various fast recoil, refusal, called events.

The second type of inflation, including as a result of cost (inflation) producers arising from inflation, to eliminate nely more difficult to solve:

1) wage increase;

2) decline in productivity for legal reasons related to a violation of the nature of the economic mechanism;

3) the owners of raw materials and energy resources, inflation casolari, they are depending on the prices of the products of primary production.

Troubleshoot issues related to production costs, requires solving several complex blocks the interaction between inflation.

The first set of problems as inflation, recession, the elimination of the Central link of the entire system of economic stabilization. He, in turn, depends on the interaction of the following subject problems.

First, Italian German productivity, motivation, incentives, strengthening effective solutions to staffing issues included in its results, the recovery of manufacturing employment as a priority. This is achieved through the development of the private industrial sector, which is a direct connection between hard work and its results.

Trading - intermediary sphere divided ensuring the priority of the production sector than is necessary. Discount the tax system, promoting development of the production sector, on loans associated with the loan at reduced interest rates and without hindrance, reproduction, economic standards, acceptable for development, the funds pay, deductions and the establishment.with. C. this can be achieved, if necessary, by supporting priority activities of the manufacturing sector was financed directly .

A necessary element in the system of measures to overcome inflation, the market competition mechanism and the mechanism of economic responsibility of economic entities of all ownership forms is a creation; these mechanisms of action is the following scheme: reducing costs — lower prices — increased net income due to the growth of production - increase of supply— satisfaction cranny.

The establishment of a mechanism of competition and antitrust law with activities, development of various forms of ownership, economic and financial activity related to the equality of their law.

The most fundamental means of influence on inflation is the statement on monitoring in the framework of state regulation of the economy, prices, wages. The policy choices of short-term regulation of wages and prices are determined in programs widely and the scale of inflation, rate of production, the needs of social protection of the population, depending on oarade transformed. Within the basic technological raw materials, fuel, other value of price regulation in primary production .Is put in a basis of the whole pyramid of product prices, the cost of technological strings of them.

Regulation of wages of primary ( achieved ) level of labour productivity due to increase in fact is strictly, as the growth rates of nominal wages growth of productivity equal in nature not inflationary.

Measures to reduce inflation, improve balance of payments, reflecting its foreign economic activity from the structure . This is, primarily, goods and services, i.e. export and import transactions associated with the movement that you can achieve tence on current operations.

The reduction of the current account deficit overall due to the replacement of imported goods and services domestic goods and services srandy internal and external demand, greater flexibility in production due to export than achievements. This is a realistic policy of establishing the exchange rate on the inflation-rational combination of trade and exchange restrictions and breakthrough cases in the period of liberalization of foreign economic relations by reducing inflation reaches through.

Currently great importance to inflation targeting inflation and anti-inflation policy as one of the measures to improve the management.

Thus, the effects of the entire world theory and practice of accumulated arsenals if inflation lcrun only fight with him, and also to the conditions of Kazakhstan with its digilander always possible to achieve.

Literature:

1. Bimendieva L.A., "Economic growth as a result of the functioning of the national economy" // the Bulletin magazine №6, 2004

2. Junisov B., Mambetov U., Bayzhomartov U., "Basics of market economy" Almaty "Economy"

3. Makysh S.B., "Monetary circulation and credit", Almaty 2000