Педагогические науки /4. Стратегические направления реформирования системы образования

Dr. Sc., Professor Karabayeva A.G.

Dr. Sc., Professor Ismagambetova Z.N.

al-Faraby Kazakh National University, Republic of Kazakhstan

The correlation of media and educational system in the forming of tolerance behavior and attitude

The tolerance in the sphere of education is inseparably linked with the solution of problems of the destructive information impacts. Education depends on a wide flow of consumed information, cognitive stratification in the educational sphere, cognitive deformations, the active influence of an aggressive social and cultural environment etc. The contemporary cultural field is filled with values that are different from traditional cultural and social values and traditions. The issues of information content, culture and media language are put forward. The information and virtual environment begins to prevail in a new global cultural, social, economic, political order over traditional cultural, economic and political relations and values.

        The home education system allows for the reform of education in a number of important areas. However, such conditions and requirements reveals as the education of tolerant attitudes, civic responsibility, respect for the rights and freedoms of participants of the educational process. Freedom as knowledge of laws requires special attention. The society is interested in the formation of civic education as a means of forming the skills of social communication, cultural and political dialogue. Through civil, as well as legal education, tolerance is formed as attitudes to the difference of views, connection in the inter-confessional dialogue and system of the universal values. The changed system of education provides an opportunity to discuss problems of objective differences in the cultural and legal status of the individual and universal human rights norms.

It should be noted that in educational environments and systems haven’t specific or "exceptional" channel for the forming and transfer of values of tolerance and tolerant behavior. In the education system there are no developed and fixed means of forming of tolerant consciousness. The diverse sides of legal and civic activity, social institutions, forms of communication, values, social connections affect the organized system of education. Legal and civic culture characterize and reflect the stability of social structures, their universality, value nature, autonomy, integration and a certain tendency to variability of functions.
Media has identified the transformation of society as a socio-cultural system. The development of mass media is directly related to the differentiation and complexity of the structure of society and development of different spheres of social life, for example education. Evolution of media is connected with the complication of "personal" organization of modern human beings, growth of their needs and changes in the individual and personal identities. Modernization processes in modern society include such important aspects as the continuity and cultural "dependence" on the "external" and "internal" history. The modern society development is directly related to discontinuities in the civilizational and cultural dynamics, especially in transition periods as well as objective processes in the course of reform.

         In the analysis of the issues of modernization processes as well as social reforms and cultural development – the growth of social contradictions, unsustainable development "of the global community" should be taken into account. Development of modern society requires close attention to the most "mobile", "active" and "influential" segments and actors of the social whole for example education and media sphere. Serious attention should be paid to the impact of globalization in education, science, mass media, etc. New opportunities for the development of dialogue and mutual enrichment of different cultures are opened in contemporary world. In today's society, the interpenetration of the various sectors within the social and cultural integrity takes place. Due to the new information technologies, achievements of mankind in the field of culture as well as intellectual and educational activities are made available to all mankind.

      The new factors of social and cultural development of a society determine research interest and the specific tasks of analysis and, management of the media environment and media culture, as well as mass-media processes, the formation of XXI century new media environment and correlations of media and education structures. Media sphere and media culture in the XXI century became one of the most influential factors of social and cultural transformation and modernization of education. In modern conditions, the media environment is one of the factors of modernization. The mass media institution is catalyst for many social processes that may affect the political, economic and educational processes in society. It becomes an effective factor of socio-cultural change. Therefore, one of the most important issues of social and cultural development is to understand the role of the mass media and the Internet in spreading the philosophy and the values of tolerance, for example in educational structures, in explaining the dangers of the ideology of intolerance.

        At the beginning of the XXI century humanity has entered to the new stage of development − in the era of Information Culture and Information Development. Modern society, contemporary education is interconnected with the widespread use of information technology. The rapidly growing information revolution has become the basis for a global process of informatization in all spheres of social life. In a fast-changing world of global interdependence and competition the widespread use, development and complexity of technology along with the impact of multimedia technology in the strategy of tolerance and solidarity are of fundamental importance for education.

        Multimedia technologies, communication between the subjects of information and communication environment have influence on the development of tolerant behavior foundations. Multimedia technologies exert their influence on various spheres of social life for the sake of dissemination of ideas, proposals and achievements – for more effective and expressive communication with the audience. Nevertheless, it is also possible to observe the opposite [1, 2]. In modern society, there is heterogeneity in social terms and the intolerance towards the opinions of others that inevitably leads to conflicts. Considerable influence on the occurrence of conflict situations provides information environment, the introduction of new information technologies. The leading position belongs to the Internet.

The sphere of media culture and sphere of education are associated with the saturation of social relations with new content and information technology tools. Media environment has the ability to have "absolute", holistic impact on the psyche, the collective mood. Media has impact on the quality and capacity of suggestion on a personal level. Media resources increase the potential of socio-political pressure on groups and individuals who turn it into resources. Media culture is closely linked to the wider socio-cultural context, to new forms of organization of the space of social and personal life. Media culture promotes the formation of human life emotional meaning. The qualities and characteristics of culture media have specific functions in the context of youth environment. Media environment plays key role in the process of the cultural, ethical and social values active perception, in a situation of active socialization, educational adaptation, etc.

        Media as well as media environment in general can contribute effectively to overcoming stereotypes and simplifications in the presentation of principles of tolerance and perception of other cultures in educational sphere. Media environment offers competent and non-aggressive methods of interaction between "agents" of dialogue in the discussion of actual issues of tolerance and tolerant behavior and communication, "contact" of cultures in educational sphere and structures. Contemporary media can decide about explicit declarative concepts of tolerance in the modern social and scientific circles, about blurring the norms of tolerance. Media respond to symptoms and situations of emotional instability at the individual and collective level. Media use arguments and information in the sphere of tolerant interaction and in the sphere of education.

         The problems of tolerance in media are shaped in professional environment, and in the Internet. Media provides targeted, informative approaches and professionalism in solving urgent problems of the social sphere. The complexity of this "practical" problems is associated with diversity of issues that lie: in the framework of inter-ethnic relations, conflict prevention, integration, adaptation of experience of various sectors of society, in the modern crisis of socio-economic and cultural conditions, in the global transformation of social structures and political institutions and cultural values in the modern education.

Today, the media is not mere mediator between society actors. It have become one of the main subjects with significant impact on public processes. The media has considerable scope in shaping public opinion. Media has great potential for impact on the public state institutions and educational institutions. Media has significant potential in the educational communication. Media as a powerful factor of contemporaneity has great potential to influence the dispositions, world outlook and attitudes of people of educational sphere. Media has a significant impact on the operation and translation of educational discourse. Discourse tolerance is implemented in various ways. It has its own characteristics and specific features in the media and education.

       Almost all the participants of educational community are somehow involved in communication through the media. This communication can involve positive factors that will contribute to the establishment of mutual understanding and peaceful interaction between the subjects of educational attitudes. Modern media should effectively take advantage of the support of professional communities, organizations and civil society institutions in solving the problems of tolerance at the socio-psychological, cultural-axiological level – between different subject of the social whole, in the global space of modern politics and everyday social life.

The information component of modern society and culture is formed by the dynamics and qualitative development of the relations and attitudes of tolerance. Information and communication structures affect and form each person. Knowledge, as well as information and educational resources are perceived today as the most important factors for achieving professional and economic results. Knowledge is the prerequisite for the development of a person's competencies and a condition for ensuring global information and socio-economic mobility for society as a whole and for particular person. The complex of modern knowledge and the information component for society are the condition for the management of public systems, the coordination of cultural experience and communication.

References

1. Chernjak M. Social"no-kulturnye uslovija formirovanija tolerantnosti sredstvami mass-media v gorodskojj srede // Vestnik Kemerovskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta kul”tury i iskusstva. – № 13. – 2010. – S. 98-102.

2. Tiljukova U.D. Tolerantnost" sovremennykh SMI // Akademija mediaindustrii. – Nauka // Vestnik elektronnykh i pechatnykh SMI. Arkhiv zhurnala «Vestnik». – № 15.