Askarova A., PhD, associated professor

Semiztaeva A., 2^nd year master student

Kazakh literature for children

Kazakh literature for children is the spiritual fundamental sphere, which was born and linked with the Kazakh society together. Earlier literature for children was not written systematically on one special sphere as in some European countries. However, it is the mixture of rich spiritual treasury of the same people, the same nation. Even being communicated, it motivates babies and youth to try beauty, to create the spirit of patriotism and braveness, thereby performing an educational function.

Kazakh children's literature is a similar fate. The second half of the nineteenth century, to the beginning of the twentieth century, there was no concept of children's literature to Kazakh. But that does not mean that there was no spiritual treasure for children. Kazakh rich folklore, folk literature, poetry, zhyraus poetry – much of children's literature. And the classification of children's literature, the development of the sectors, its discussions and analyzes began in the beginning of the thirties of the twentieth century.

In the 70-80`s of the 20th century the Kazakh children's literature was actively developed. The discovery of “Zhalyn” – young people’s, “Balausa” – children’s publishing houses, an annual competition for children and young people at the publishing house “Zhalyn” made a great influence. And, “Baldyrgan”, “Ulan” – were the guide and workshop of children's literature since ancient time. Receiving by Muzaffar Alimbayuly – State award, Marat Kabanbay – international award named after Andersen, and participation of Kazakh poets’ and writers’ works in the international book fairs, and translation of them into number of foreign languages – are growth indicators of the Kazakh children's literature.

At the time when the prose has developed rapidly, the next words of Marat Qabanbay, the noted writer with its own signature in the world of children's literature: “Children's writer has no right to write badly” [1, 177], – should be the basic principle of children's writer. Thereafter the literary work would be remained in the memory of the wide circle of readers.

Impact of the literary work on the children and its educational power depends on creating a positive image of the characters. To show a good way of example, to subscribe the veterans’ service to the Fatherland, the people, to make the standard image of them motivates teenagers to emulate these models.

People have no anything valuable than their child. The people appreciate high nothing than a child. So, their best thoughts, fantasy through the sweet song were dedicated to the children. The child's birth was the greatest gladness. There were used song, zhyr (poem), words of art to soothe the child, play, bring up and give him a wide variety of purposes. Then the children were told patters to speak correctly and clearly, train tongue-twisters: people do not use it itself, it is also connected with the knowledge of the life, children`s game.

In general the first truly character in the Kazakh literature for children was the main personage Kozha of the well-known composition of Berdibek Sokpakpaev “My name is Kozha” [2]. This composition was the cause for the coming true of a lot of similar characters in the children’s literature. Little Kozha character gave a type of a pore new one quality, present time’s truth in the children’s literature of the seventies. Вut theirs characters took beginning from the sensibility of Kozha, his faith to friends, pamperedness, rationality, imitations, honor, persistency against to injustice.

Characters of famous writer Marat Kabanbai, whose works were connected with the period of formation and development of novella genre, were look liked to Kozha firstly. Thereafter they were look liked to other famous characters of the world literature. Aspects like this have made by the time, period, society differences. Marat Qabanbay’s one more feature of the characters were their examine the scientific and technical field, become certain of the phenomenon of globalization could be seen as the true representatives of the period than Kozha. Akan from the small story called “This side and that side of Аtlantika” was one of them [3]. Writer's compositions do not repeat former banality themes, and characterized of comparison of children acts with the current reality of life.

Kazakh literature for children on ideological-colourfulness side, themes-upbringing side is developing accordingly the best put kind requirements. Kazakh children’s literature describes heroism, feat traditions, the great amateurs whom follow, labour heros, space heros, scientific discovery miracles. Well-known children’s literature’s researcher Sh. Аhmetov mentioned main six features of Kazakh children’s literature at his work called “History essay of the Kazakh literature for children” below:

First, children’s psychology was investigated, and their thinking, understanding abilities need taking the precision and accuracy of the described event, artistic character from their surroundings.

Second, it is necessary of lyricism at the describing event. It must be taken images that would be forcable and meaningful to influence at first to the awareness and inner world of children. It is important to inspire, twirle children to the best future life.

Third, at the children’s literature dynamics of describing methods of an event and individual man character are special. Psychology grounds show that children firstly interested in an event gives birth; this changes quickly, conclusions, personage of different characters development. Then begin to search the reasons going out from.

Fourth, children like to describe the nature booth spectacle, landscape, look at them with love and search them around. Pictures of nature in fiction are increasing their ability of observation, fastidiousness. Landscape picture – one aspect of an aesthetic education. And trying beauty – helps quickly to attaine, quickly to develop consciousness of children.

Aesthetic education focused on the understanding deeply of children of the very valuable heritage made by the great masters at any sectors of the scenic art, and receiving spiritual pleasure from that compositions.

Fifth, contests, idea of compositions of the children’s literature increase theire activity, and must be the reason for knowing their bright future life. It should prepare them to labour, science, entice to different professions, commit great things.

Sixth, the language of children's literature should be light and beautiful, clear, precise and effective. Language of children's literature is a tool that helps to enrich their vocabulary [4, 10-11].

In general, human psychology formulates the moral consciousness of the young generation and shapes their behavior. Thus, its systematic, phased issues include qualities such as integrity and honesty, humility, respect for elders, courtesy in society and life, generosity, kindness and friendship. Therefore, a writer of children's books should not forget about educational resources and should try to educate readers through their heroes.

In conclusion, children's literature encourages awareness of the young generation, develops their mind, and bring up them love to Motherland. The goal is to create a highly creative, interesting works for preschool children from three years to seventeen. All these open the way to the bright future, sends the young generation to the smart life. Thus, children who grow up reading literary works will become the patriots of their land in future.

Referens.

1. Marat Kabanbayev. Tugan olke ornegi // Kazakh sovet balalar zhazushilari: Kalamgerlik omirbayan zhinagi. – Almaty: Zhalyn, 1987.-192 p.

2. Sokpakbaev B. Menyn atim Kozha: Povest. – Almaty: Кazmemkorkemadebbas, 1960. – 111 p.

3. Kabanbayev M. Shigarmalari. I tom. Kentavr. Pisik boldim, mineki! Atlantikanin argy beti, bergi beti. – Almaty: Taimas, 2013. – 319 p.

4. Akhmetov Ш . Kazakh balalar adebieti tarihynyn ocherki. Almaty, 1965. – 328 p.