Барсегян Карина Робертовна

Ст. преподаватель, Северо-Кавказский филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский Государственный Университет Правосудия»

Баглай Алина Алексеевна

Студентка, Северо-Кавказский филиал федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Российский Государственный Университет Правосудия»

The Role of Language in the International Law-Enforcement Organizations of the Example of the Interpol

Language is one of the main moments of existence of a society. Language plays a role of the mechanism of social heredity.

Language is the most important element of a society which is carrying out in it a number of functions: communicative function, law-enforcement function, information function, and ideological function.

The modern world allows the people to join achievements of new technology, language values of such world languages, as English, French, Russian, Chinese. However as a result of globalization many languages and cultures can be lost. According to UNESCO data, 50% of languages of the world are in danger, 90% of languages can disappear until the end of this century.

It should be noted a steady tendency of expansion of the sphere of distribution of English, increase of learners and, as a result, strengthening of positions of the Anglo-Saxon states.

In the modern international relations the significant part is assigned to the international organizations.

The international organizations are secondary or derivative subjects of the international law and are established by the states. The process of creation of the international organizations includes three stages: adoption of constituent documents of the organization; creation of its material structure; convocation of principal organs and beginning of their functioning.

The most widespread way of creation of the international organizations is the conclusion of the international treaty. The names of this document can be various: statute (League of the Nations); charter (UN or Organization of American States); convention (The world postal union), etc.

In the international legal mechanism of realization right application represents based individual or collective activity of the states or other subjects for ensuring realization of norms in specific situations on norms of international law.

Law-enforcement activity represents a system of diverse actions of the basic and auxiliary character, having the creative, organizing contents. It consists of the development and actual implementation of the organizational measures directed to providing the realization of instructions of rules of law in life. A Law-enforcement body, extending legal norms to this or that specific vital case, solves legal business, takes necessary organizational measures for practical realization of rules of law. According to it application of the right represents the activity which is carried out in special, law established forms.

Right application has to meet such requirements, as legality, justice, expediency and validity.

There are several types of law-enforcement activity:

Peacekeeping forces are the armed contingents of the countries ensuring safety, political support and assistance to peace-building in the countries leaving a conflict situation.

Military bases are the specially equipped state territories, important in the strategic relation, intended for a dislocation of armed forces of any country.

Law-enforcement activity begins with clarification of the actual circumstances. States or other subjects of right application choose the ways and procedure of clarification of circumstances which are considered to be the most suitable for this case if such ways aren’t specially stipulated in the contract. Any procedure, eventually, is reduced to obtaining information on the circumstances of realization of norms, correctness and reliability. Naturally in this regard there is the increasing attention to various special missions on the establishment of the facts.

There are several types of law-enforcement bodies:

The police is a system of public services and bodies on protection of a public order. Problems of protection of various objects, direct maintenance of an order can be assigned to police in public places, regulations of traffic, the prevention of accident rate, implementation of administrative control and supervision in various fields of activity, executions of decisions of other government bodies etc.

Militia is a name of law-enforcement bodies (a police equivalent) in Russia after February revolution and till 2011. The main functions of militia are maintenance of signs of the state, protection of the rights of citizens and society.

Law-enforcement bodies don’t exercise control and use information received during control activity by special bodies. Investigation also assumes collection of information about the specific facts by authorized bodies. The contracts providing possibility of carrying out investigation, can define an order and conditions of its carrying out.

The Interpol which is the reduced name of the International Criminal Police Organization is the international organization which main objective is association of efforts of national law-enforcement agencies of the participating countries in the field of fight against all-criminal crime.

The location of constantly operating central bodies of the Interpol is Lyon, France.

There are 190 countries in the Interpol: Australia, Armenia, Belgium, Great Britain, Germany, Denmark, Egypt, Israel, Spain, China, Russia and others.

Official languages of the organization are English, Spanish, French, Arab.

The president of the organization is Miley Balestrazi. Activity of the Interpol according to the constitution the organization is limited to the constitution to be engaged in the intervention or activity of political, military, religious and racial character.

The supreme body is the General assembly. President of the Interpol is elected and presides the current work is assigned to General secretariat Secretary general directs its work. Three times a year the advisory body of the Interpol is Executive committee, which is elected by the General assembly as a part of 13 people gathers. The main functions of the Executive committee are control of the work of the Secretary general and execution of decisions of the General assembly, and also preparation of programs of work of the organization and their introducing for the consideration of the General assembly.

In each of the countries entering the Interpol, in the structure of national law enforcement agencies there are the National Central Bureaus which are bodies on the interaction of national law enforcement agencies and the National Central Bureaus of the Interpol of another countries and the General secretariat of the Interpol.

The main objective is coordination of efforts of the certain countries and carrying out uniform policy in the field of fight against all-criminal crime.

Among other main objectives it is possible to note coordination of the international search, and also fight with the human trafficking, the organized criminal communities, drug trafficking, crimes in the sphere of economy and high technology, counterfeiting, a take of securities.

Nowadays much attention is paid to public safety and fight against terrorism.