Филологические науки/7. Язык, речь, речевая коммуникация

Andrushchak J.V. , Dzuybak V.V.

Bukovina State Financial Academy, Ukraine

Scientific style in linguistic paradigm

Science became the basis for the world-viewed model of society in the Renaissance period, and plays this same role today. Since childhood, modern person takes for granted and learns particular scientific axioms, such as, for example, statements about the infinity of the universe, the existence of laws in nature and rational society under which they undergo development as well as statements about the person's ability to learn these laws with the scientific methods. In this situation, the role of scientific texts and scientific style of communication increases, since, practically every human begins to need it, starting from school age. Of course, the scientific style of communication is not appropriate in any situation, but there is no way to be truly cultural and educated person without knowing the basics of the scientific style.

Scientific style - is one of the literary styles of the literary language, which is characterized by previous used expression, familiarity with the issues, topics, and norms of the language.

Scientific style exists in two forms:

· written (books, studies, dissertations, research papers);

· verbal (communication, research report, etc.).

Scientific research, technical and scientific progress, and education - are areas of its use. Its main purpose is the presentation of the results of humans study, society, the phenomenon of nature, the study of hypotheses, the proof of the truth of theories, classification and systematization of knowledge, explanation of phenomena, and intellectual excitement for the reader to interpret.

Due to heterogeneity of branches in science and education, scientific style has the following sub units:

a) scientific (book, review, article, research report message, exchange and research papers, essay, thesis) which, in turn, is divided into scientific-technical and scientific-humanitarian texts;

b) popular science - is used to effectively and accessibly present information on the effects of complex investigations for non-specialists with the use of newspapers and even books of artistic and journalistic styles;

c) Research and Training - available in textbooks, lectures, talks to accessible, logical and figurative presentations that does not include elements of emotionality.

d) Productive and technical - used in the literature, serving various areas of agriculture and manufacturing.

The main features of scientific style are:

· clarity (conceptual) and objectiveness of interpretations;

· logical sequence and proof of presentation;

· generalization of concepts and phenomena;

· objective analysis;

· preciseness and clarity of expressions;

· reasoning and persuasiveness of assertions;

· unambiguous explanation of cause-effect relations;

· detailed conclusions.

Main language tools are focused on information, knowledge, influence and are characterized by:

· a great quantity of scientific terminology (transcription, turbulence, distillation, reorganization, atomic mass and so on);

· availability of charts, tables, graphs, diagrams, maps, systems of mathematical, physical, chemical and others signs and badges;

· handling of abstract, mostly foreign words (Theorem, vacuum, sine, paragraph, qualification, slag, etc.);

· the use of purely scientific phraseology, persistent terminological phrases;

· involvement of quotations and references to primary sources;

· generally, the absence of the author's individual style and emotional vocabulary;

· a clear compositional structure of a text (consecutive division district sections, parts, paragraphs, subparagraphs, paragraphs in the application of numeric or alphanumeric numbering);

· in addition to preferential use of nouns and adjectives, relative tense forms are available, often impersonal, generalized or uncategorized, usually in the present tense; that state certain facts and phenomena, participle inflection and rebates play a significant role that further characterize the actions, objects and phenomena;

· monologue-like nature of texts;

· prevalence of different types of complex sentences of standard phrases (clichés).

Thus, scientific style is based on strict stylistic rules, violation of which indicates a low level of the author’s language and scientific culture. To avoid this, it is necessary to comply with all the basic requirements of his particular style and genre.

Literature:

1. Cook G. Discourse and Literature: The Interplay of Form and Mind / G. Cook. – 2nd impr. – Oxford: OUP, 1995. – 371 p.

2. Mumbi D. Organizational Discourse / D. Mumbi, R. Clair // Discourse Studies: A Multydisciplinary Study. – Vol. 2. – L.: Sage. – 1997. - P. 181-205.

3. Mykhailenko V. V. Discourse Markers Pragmatics / V. V. Mykhailenko // Збірник наукових праць, випуск 2. – К.: Київський національний університет імені Т. Шевченка, 2009. – С. 252-256.

4. Nuyts J. Intentions in Language Use / J. Nuyts. – Antwerp, 1993. – 399 p.