Клиническая медицина

Habirova E. R., M. D. Averyanov, S. V., Gulyaeva O. A.

Bashkir State Medical University, Ufa, Russian Federation

The choice of braces in the treatment of dentofacial anomalies

Keywords: braces, ligature, self-ligating aesthetic braces.

Abstract. The article is devoted to the evaluation of the results of questionnaire survey of patients on the choice of braces for correction of malocclusion.

The prevalence of dentoalveolar anomalies and deformations in different regions of Russia according to researchers ranges from 30.9% to 76,5% [1, 2, 3]. The literature review indicates the absence of the downward trend of this disease in recent years [4]. Moreover, the incidence over the last 5 years increased by 1.5 times. In 84% of cases are often treatment using fixed apparatus, in particular, еdgewis -technology and it does not take into account the age of the patient. A major part of modern orthodontic appliances are designed based on еdgewis technicians are locking devices - braces, grooves in which with the help of ligature wire fixed orthodontic arch, springs, retractors, and other items with which there is movement of the teeth in the desired direction.

Goal: to study the subjective opinions of patients about the choice and some features of the treatment of various bracket systems.

Material and methods. Using questionnaires a survey of patients aged 12 to 20 years who undergo orthodontic treatment using different types of braces. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The 1st group included patients with metal braces (self-ligating braces of the Damon system braces and the ligature). The 2nd group consisted of patients with aesthetic braces (self-ligating braces of the Damon system and actual aesthetic braces). The questionnaire contained 10 questions. Patients were asked to choose the answers. In total, the study analysed 35 questionnaires. In addition to the survey, evaluated the hygienic condition of the oral cavity.

The results of the study. On the question of who was the initiator of statement of braces, most patients answered that yourself (65,71%). Treatment decision of parents have started 20% of the respondents, on the advice of a doctor of 11.43%, on the recommendation of friends of 2.86%. The choice of aesthetic braces was due to the fact that they are less noticeable. So said 10 of 12 people the 2nd group (83,33%).

Almost half of the respondents (40%) noted the shortcomings of their brackets, but replace them with other brackets only 23.33 percent of the respondents (to 26.08% in the 1st group and of 16.67% in the 2nd group). Injury of the mucosa noted 22,86% of the respondents. It should be noted that it was patients with metal ligature braces. That metal braces are very visible to others, said only 13,04% of patients of the 1st group. The lack of aesthetic braces, according to 25% of patients of group 2 was the fact that the braces often come unstuck. However, most of those who choose aesthetic braces (75%) do not see the shortcomings of his equipment.

All patients on the recommendation of the orthodontist used a special toothbrush. We found out that additional means and objects of oral care (floss, rinse), I use 78,26% 1 of the group and of 58.33% 2 groups. Good hygienic condition was for 52.17% of patients of the 1st group and of 58.33% of the patients 2 groups. The poor state of hygiene was observed in was 21.74% 1 group and 25% of the 2 groups. In both groups, hygiene was better in those who received treatment self-ligating braces. It should be noted that not all patients regularly attend the therapist with a prophylactic purpose. Positively this question was answered by 7 people and 1 group (30,43 %) and 6 people in 2 groups (50%).

The disadvantages of aesthetic braces include frequent peeling (83,33% in group 2 and of 34.78% in group 1). Metal ligature braces often injure the mucous shell of oral cavity. Patients with actual systems of braces have to visit the orthodontist (at least 1 time per month). These arguments can be used for planning orthodontic treatment and in conversation with the patient when choosing the type of braces.

Literature.

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3. Суетенков Д.Е., Магомедов Т.Б., Захаров А.В. Новый метод профилактики и лечения осложнений в ортодонтии// Стоматология детского возраста и профилактика. 2006. № 1-2. С. 64.

4. Самиков З.А., Дюмеев Р.М., Аверьянов С.В. Зубочелюстные аномалии у детей города Дюртюли // Современные проблемы и перспективные направления инновационного развития науки сборник статей международной научно-практической конференции: в 8 частях. 2016. С. 124-126.