Ashimova N.

Kazakh state women`s teacher training university

Almaty, Kazakhstan

DIFFERENT FORMS OF COMMUNICATION

Communication is a way of sharing information. It is two-way process of achieving mutual understanding, in which participants not only exchange (encode-decode) information, news, ideas and feelings but also create and share meaning. In general, communication is a means of connecting people or places. As we know communication can be divided into three main types: verbal communication, in which we listen to a person to understand their meaning; written communication, in which we read their meaning; and non-verbal communication, in which we observe a person and determine the meaning and each has its advantages.

Verbal communication is the type of communication that involved communicating verbally using language that the sender and the receiver understand. It is meant to be done so that the sender and the receiver are able to understand each other effectively. There are two types of verbal communication: oral communication and written communication. In oral communication, spoken words are used. It includes face-to-face conversations, speech, telephonic conversation, video, radio, television, voice over internet.

Language is said to have originated from sounds and gestures. There are many languages spoken in the world. The basis are: gender, class, profession, geographical area, age group and other social elements. Speaking is an effective way of communicating. When we think of verbal communication, the first thing comes to mind is the storytelling, because it affects on learners’ language aspects of communication skills and it helps in enhancing learners’ communication skills. The findings show that storytelling has beneficial effects on reading skills by learners being able to associate meanings and emotions with words. Learners also develop their vocabulary and learn when and where to use certain words and phrases.

Written communication is used in many different languages. In written communication, written signs or symbols are used to communicate. A written message may be printed or hand written. In written communication message can be transmitted via email, letter, report, articles etc. Message, in written communication, is influenced by the vocabulary and grammar used, writing style, precision and clarity of the language used. The written communication can be edited and amended many times before it is communicated to the second party to whom the communication is intended. This is one of the main advantages of using writing as the major means of communication. In general written communication is used in business but we can also use it for informal communication purposes. For instance, mobile SMS is an example of informal written communication.

Visual communication is visual display of information, such as topography, photography, signs, symbols and designs. Television and video clips are the electronic form of visual communication.

Public speaking is another verbal communication in which we have to address a group of people. Preparing for an effective speech before we start is important. In public speaking, the speech must be prepared according to the type of audience we are going to face. The content of our speech should be authentic and we must have enough information on the topic we have chosen for public speaking. All the main points in our speech must be highlighted and these points should be delivered in the correct order. There are many public speaking techniques and these techniques must be practiced for an effective speech.

Nonverbal communication is the sending or receiving of wordless messages. We can say that communication other than oral and written. It involves physical ways of communication, such as appearance of speaker, surrounding (room size, lighting, decorations, furnishings etc.) and body language such as facial expressions, gestures, postures and sounds that are produced by speaker, such as voice tone, volume and speech rate.

Creative and aesthetic non-verbal communication includes music, dancing and sculpturing. As it is said body language is a non-verbal way of communication, body posture and physical contact convey a lot of information. Body posture matters a lot when we are communicating verbally to someone. Folded arms and crossed legs are some of the signals conveyed by a body posture. Physical contact, such as shaking hands, pushing, patting and eye contact are all different ways of communication. Reading facial expressions can help us to know a person better.

Effective communication allows us to lead more satisfying lives at work and elsewhere. It helps to avoid misunderstandings at work and helps express what we want to express and of course it allows for deeper connection with others.

Nothing can be achieved without proper communication. Therefore, people have to develop communicative skills. It should be understood that all types of communication are equally important and communicative skills need to be developed, the reason is Media (collective communication outlets). It is growing day by day to ensure clarity and correct understanding in communication.

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