Toshomanova D.O.,
the senior lecturer in the theory of languages and
literature department
KGU named after A.Baitursynov, Kostanay, Kazakhstan
The probability of ethno-linguistic conflicts in
Kostanai region and ways to prevent them
The
situation in the sphere of international relations today is very dynamic and
largely unpredictable. Variegated ethnic picture of Kostanay region creates
opportunities for both gaining and to reducing ethnic conflict. It should be
noted the increasing role of many diasporas, which have their own
non-governmental organizations involved in the preservation of the language and
culture of their own people in other ethnic environment.
The
modern period of legal ethno-linguistic policy of the Republic of Kazakhstan is
determined by the fact that the state creates conditions for preservation and
equal, the original development of the languages of the peoples living in the
country.
Kostanay
is not only multiethnic but also multilingual.
Not
giving members of ethnic groups the possibility to realize their natural right
to know the native language and culture, it can lead, in our view, to the
hidden ethnic conflicts that may eventually lead to open one.
In
general, the situation in the sphere of national relations in the Kostanay
region is characterized as stable, having positive trends. In a survey of the
situation in the sphere of national relations in Kostanay region in 2013-2014
assessed as calm 97.3% of respondents.
Stability
of the situation is expressed by:
1.
In the absence of ethnic conflicts;
2.
The creation of favorable conditions
for national and cultural self-realization ethnicities and international
education;
3.
3. in the interaction system of
executive authorities with national-cultural associations.
The
need to anticipate the possible cultural and linguistic conflicts in time to
make adjustments in the implementation of the ethno-linguistic policy pursued
by state and local authorities, requires the development and practical
application of tools that meet the requirements to manage ethno-linguistic
processes having properties timeliness, coverage of social life.
Undoubtedly,
the language can hardly develop and function in all spheres of human activity,
if it uses only some limited part of the permanent native speakers of a
particular region. For today, the
problem of the proliferation of bilingualism with the second component -
the national language, is the most difficult. In some areas of Kostanay region
Russian make up the majority of the population and make the majority learn the
language of the minority is problematic. The solution for this problem depends
on the language of education and culture.
Analysis
of the survey shows that residents of Kostanay region attach less importance to
ethnicity choosing the circle of contacts. Over 90% of respondents believe that
the main thing is personal qualities of the person. Thus, we can conclude that
the origin of man for the people of Kostanay region in any case is not the
determining factor choosing a partner for dialogue. To the question "Do
you think that the rights violated in your city / village representatives of
any nationality?" more than 95% of respondents gave a negative answer.
According to respondents, the main component of a conflict-free coexistence of
peoples is the equality of all ethnic communities in all spheres of life.
Currently,
most of the major ethnic groups of Kostanay region established its
national-cultural centers (Tatar-Bashkir, Chechen-Ingush, Russian, Ukrainian,
Belarusian, German, Polish and others.) That makes an invaluable contribution
to the promotion of a culture of international communication among young
people. Activities conducted by The National Cultural Center, create a sense of
respect for people of other nations. For example, the annual festival of
"Caucasus", which gathers under one roof not only representatives of
Caucasian nationalities, but also many others.
In
order to prevent conflicts of ethno-linguistic important category is the
language of tolerance, which is defined by us as an acquired tolerance to
another language, mentality, culture, resulting from contacts of national
languages and cultures, overcoming conflicts through cultural interaction and cultural
compromise. Education of languages tolerance and universal dissemination of
international communication in practice - is to participate in the formation of
new ethno-linguistic categories, create the character and importance of the
global human value.
We
can conclude that in Kostanay region are created equal conditions for realizing
the basic needs - to preserve the culture and way of life of each ethnic group.
Thus,
in Kostanay region, is the stable ethnic tolerance. At the same time the
multiethnic environment promotes the development of a certain tolerance and
respect for other cultures.
With
the implementation of state policy in the ethno-linguistic region is a priority
target-oriented approach that brings together the efforts of public authorities,
local governments and national-cultural centers in achieving a common goal of
improving the quality of life, satisfaction of national-cultural needs of all
the peoples of this or that area.
Resources
:
1.
Suleimenova E.D., Smagulova Zh.S.
Language situation and language planning in Kazakhstan / Edited by
E.D.Suleymenovoy. Almaty: Kazak University, 2005.
2.
Language and Ethnic Conflict // Ed.
M.Brillolcott, I.Semenova. - M., 2001.
3.
M.A. Guliyev, I.D. Korotets, I.P.
Chernobrovkin. Ethnic conflicts. - Moscow - Rostov-on-Don, 2007.
4. Belyanin V.P. The relationship of the development of national
languages and national cultures // Ed. Yu.D.Desheriev, E.G.Tumanyan. - M.,
1980.