Moldir
Abilkhanovna Kyzdarbekova
Ahmed
Yasawi International Kazakh-Turkish University, Kazakhstan.
Nonverbal means of
pedagogical dialogue in conditions of cross-culture communication
Language of a body is an integral part of communication of people with
each other. All of us use body language. Such manifestations of the body
language as a physical contact, distance, orientation, mimicry, manner to be
silent, help to make impression on people around or to hide that we want to
keep unknown for strangers. By means of the body language we often quickly
catch mood of our interlocutor since the first minutes of communication. For
example, often silent message by means of the body language gives more
information on sincerity of feelings and verity of human relations, than the
most verbose tirade. Now they conduct numerous versatile researches in the
field of nonverbal communication. Specialists of such branches of knowledge as
psychology, sociology, anthropology and linguistics, fixedly study the aspects
of human behavior anyway connected with the function of communication. Now they
distinguish a number of the independent directions of the scientific search,
as, for example, kinesics, proxemics, paralinguistic's that allow us to know
about human interaction at the microlevel much more, than twenty - thirty years
ago. Those intuitive assumptions which were based only on reasons of common
sense, in many cases received the confirmation. In other cases the assumptions
only remained guesses [1].
We understand the mimicry as movement of the face muscles. It mustn’t
be confused with physiognomic (the science by which on the face shape you can
guess about the mental features of this or that man).
As it was mentioned the mimicry is changes being on the man’s face.
Herewith not only the lineament, eyes contact and look direction is taken into
consideration but also psychosomatic processes, for example face paleness. At
last it also includes body movement, for example nod of the head, halfturn
(the latter depending on the content can be interpreted as a pose). As usual when
assessing the signal the special attention should be paid to consistency. While
the mimicry is conformed to verbal expressions, we don’t usually perceive it
separately.
The mimicry can be several: very movable face expression, inactive,
monotony and seldom change of forms and conjugate mimicry.
Very movable mimicry tells about vivacity and fast removability
perception of impressions and inner experiences, about slight excitability from
external irritants. Such excitability can reach maniacal sizes.
Inactive mimicry indicates stability of soulful processes. It tells
about seldom changing stable mood. This mimicry is associated with the
calmness, stability, sobriety, reliability, superiority, and poise. Inactive
mimic play can with reduced activity (moving power and temperament) impress
contemplation and coziness [5].
Gesture - moving of the hand expressing the man’s inner condition or
indicating any object in the external environment.
A brief discussion of the world gesture and its meaning is appropriate.
Gesture has been used in place of posture and vice versa. The tendency however,
is to see gesture as dynamic and posture as static. In prosaic and poetic
literature, gesture is often used to mean an initiation or conclusion of some
human interaction, where no human movement may be involved. The notion of a
musical gesture without actual human movement is quite common. Obviously,
musical expression is intimately connected with human movement, hence the
existence of such idiom [6].
Gestures are expressive movement of head, hand, or arm which is made
with the purpose to communicate and which can go with thinking or condition.
They differ:
-
pointing,
-
emphasizing
(amplifying),
-
demonstrative,
-
touching
gestures.
Pointing gestures are directed to things or people aiming to attract
attention to them.
So, along with the verbal nonverbal means of communication are very
significant and diverse: mimicry, pose, gestures, movements, gait, a manner to
behave, up to that distance at which there are from each other communicating
individuals.
Nonverbal signals are especially valuable because they are spontaneous,
unconscious and unlike words, always sincerely [4].
Researches of nonverbal communication proceed still and as it was
already mentioned above, in interpersonal communication 60-70% of emotional
value is transferred by nonverbal means and only the rest - at the expense of
the intelligent speech. Modern researches confirmed the observations of Ch.
Darwin and other acute people that nonverbal reactions are less controlled and
give out the valid thoughts of the speaker more frankly, than the said words.
1.Ter-Minasova, S. 2000. Language and crosscultural
communication. M:”Slovo”. Pp.24-44
2.
Fillipov, A.V. 1975. Sound language and “language” of gestures. Linguistic
compilation, exc.3/MSPI by N.K.Krupskaya.M. pp.21
3.
Allan Pease 2001. Body language. How to read other’s thoughts by their
gestures? M., Eksmo- Press. Pp. 5
4.
Labunskaya, V.A. 1995. Nonverbal behavior. Rostov-na-Donu, pp. 22
5.
Arutyunyan, Yu.V. 1999. On national relations in post-soviet societies:
interpersonal aspect. SotsIs. #4
6.
McNeill, D. 1992. Hand and mind: what gestures reveal about thought. Chicago,
USA: University of Chicago press. Pp. 29