Research supervisor, Ph.D., Sapa Vladimir, student, Baityakov Bauyrzhan

Kostanay State University A. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan

The effectiveness of the use of alternative energy sources in the autonomous light street lighting

Each square meter of the earth's surface under a stream of sunlight. The radiation power is about 100 watts on a cloudy winter day to more than 1,000 watts on a clear day near the equator. According to scientists, the solar energy reaching the Earth's surface exceeds all human needs in energy of about 10 thousand. While the share of solar energy in the global energy mix is only about 0.1%.

Solar energy with high efficiency is used not only for power supply at home, but also for powering external electrical appliances (small garden lighting, street lighting).

To reduce the load on the network and urban residents savings street lights Solar today used with great success in many European cities. Such devices are installed in parks, squares, main streets of the cities, motorways. Specifications streetlights on solar define a very long lines of operation - up to 25 years. The service life of the individual components of the installation (batteries, controllers) - 3-10 years.

LED street light (Fig. 1) that runs on solar and wind generators, is one of the most popular energy-saving lamps on the market. These lights use low power LED bulb. Are energy efficient and environmentally friendly.

The advantage of LED lighting is the lack of maintenance costs and connection to the power grid. It has low power consumption, high efficiency of 96%. The service life of up to 20 years of continuous operation. They are vibration-isolated. They have a real color rendering, high luminous efficiency (up to 150 lumens per watt 1). Wide operating temperature range from - 50 ⁰C to + 55 ⁰C. Do not require disposal (do not contain mercury). No stroboscopic effect (pulsation, flicker). They are well suited to the repair. Resistant to repeated switching on and off.

Fig. 1. Design of LED streetlights

The advantage of LED lighting is the lack of maintenance costs and connection to the power grid. It has low power consumption, high efficiency of 96%. The service life of up to 20 years of continuous operation. They are vibration-isolated. They have a real color rendering, high luminous efficiency (up to 150 lumens per watt 1). Wide operating temperature range from - 50 ⁰C to + 55 ⁰C. Do not require disposal (do not contain mercury). No stroboscopic effect (pulsation, flicker). They are well suited to the repair. Resistant to repeated switching on and off.

Solar cells accumulate throughout the day solar energy, and at nightfall spend it on the lighting of the surrounding space. Equipped with street lights control system, which can automatically switch according to the intensity of sunlight. LED street lamp has low power consumption, long service life, LED lights are widely used for street lighting, on ordinary roads, sidewalks, highways and freeways. At present, the LED lights are in high demand in many developed European countries.

Time lighting led street light Solar per day to 10 hours, and duration of light on a cloudy day 2 days.

During the day the electricity to run the new street lights generated by solar panels, fixed on the bubble lamp. By nightfall, it connects a small wind turbine. Powerful battery mounted in the base of support at a depth of two meters. Limit was designed for 25 years of service and for its "life cycle" and the additional cost is not required. This makes it possible location of the battery deep underground, which guarantees valuable equipment protection from thieves.

The system is not only able to provide itself the necessary quantity of electricity, but also produce excess that can be used for a small kiosk. Efficient equipment due to the fact that light is in automatic mode, in response to the onset of darkness.

LED lights street lighting, working on the basis of solar panels and wind turbine systems snowmelt and anti-icing are relevant to Kostanay. Use of equipment operating on solar and wind energy will reduce energy costs.

In a comparative calculation does not take into account the operating costs - the cost of work done by replacing and disposing of mercury arc lamps. The calculation can not take into account the possibility of using smaller cables and receive the released capacity. Payback period of LED street lamp 112W UNISTWF-00007 in comparison with the products on the basis of mercury arc lamp was 3 ... 5 years.

References:

1. Yurchenko, A.V.; Savrasov F.W.; Yurchenko V. The real cost of energy - from resources to consumer // Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. - 2009. - P. 43-46.

2. Stepanenko, N.I.; Gubin, V.E. Prospects for the use of alternative and renewable-energy sources in the conditions of Siberia // Modern Techniques and Technologies: Proceedings of IX Intern. Conf. students, graduate students and young scientists. - Tomsk, 2003. - T. 1. - P. 47-48.

3. Lukutin, B.V.; Surzhikova O.A.; Shandarova, E.B. Renewable energy in decentralized energy supply. - M.: Energoizdat, 2008. - 231 p.