Филологические науки/ 7.Язык, речь, речевая коммуникация

Bulatova M.B.

Kostanay State University named after A. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan

Bilingualism of Kazakhstan in media

Bilingualism and Multilingualism is an interdisciplinary and complex field. As is self-evident from the prefixes (bi- and multi-), bilingualism and multilingualism phenomena are devoted to the study of production, processing, and comprehension of two (and more than two) languages, respectively. However, in colloquial usage the term “bilingualism” is used as a cover term to embody both bilingualism and multilingualism. Although this use of “bilingualism” has been objected to strictly on etymological grounds, it is a common practice since the inception of the field (see Weinreich 1953 cited under General Overviews) to apply to the term for multilingualism as well as to the dialects of the same language. For the reasons of convention, concision, and convenience, the term “bilingualism” is used as a cover term to include both bilingualism and multilingualism in this article. Still in its primary stages of exploration, bilingualism is a rapidly growing area of linguistics, which is grounded in interdisciplinary approaches and a variety of conceptual frameworks. In linguistics, bilingualism owes its origin largely to diachronic and sociolinguistics, which deal with linguistic variation, language contact, and language change. However, on theoretical and methodological grounds, bilingualism was/is viewed as a problematic area of linguistics prior to and after the emergence of Chomskyan linguistic revolution (see Issues and Conceptualization). Outside linguistics, bilingualism is also intimately tied with immigrant and marginalized groups and their educational and economic problems. A case in point is the bilingualism and intelligence debate during the first half of the 20th century (see under Effects and Education). The key research areas represented by the field include: the representation and processing of languages in the bilingual mind/brain, childhood and adult language acquisition, bilingual speech disorders, bilingualism and mixed linguistic systems, effects of bilingualism on individuals and societies, bilingualism and educational challenges, language endangerment, and extinction among others. The oldest accounts of bilingualism can be traced back to Panini’s grammar of Sanskrit, religious texts such as the Bible, and the accounts of classical languages such as Greek and Latin in the context of linguistic prescriptivism, language contact, and spread.

Artistic bilingualism is one of the most debated topics both in Kazakhstan and in other countries, living on the basis of close bonds, traditions and mentality of two or more cultures. In Kazakhstan, such bilingualism means also a Eurasian basis, according to which "the idea of cooperation, friendship of slavs, turans permeates the entire spiritual and intellectual life of two countries, especially Russian and Kazakh literature."

Phenomenon of bilingualism becomes an issue of general importance. There is bilingualism both in literature and in the social spheres. All this means historical interaction of cultures, their dialectical and dialogical communication. Hence, the problem of bilingualism in the Kazakh media appears, since there is journalism, not only kind of intricate relationship of society with the world of literature, but also a politics and psychology.

That is why there is an interest with to the problem with the situation of bilingualism in Kazakhstan. Is there a problem of Kazakhstan russian speaking today? Or is it just the idea of humanity and friendship in our great Republic? What comes first? Patriotism or the modern view of the world? Sometimes biased attitude towards creativity of Russian writers and journalists , or a callous attitude to the language and traditions of its people?

Kazakh government becoming is closely linked with the history of the Russian government , and hence the mixed mentality and traditions issued here. People ,living on the border with each other , can not be much different from each other. Besides, where were first founders of modern Kazakh journalism educated? Everyone knows natives of Kazakh intellectuals , who mostly were educated in what was previous- the Russian Empire. So is Kazakh bilingualism a problem? Likely, the Kazakh bilingualism -is the dignity of our country and culture.

People who write in Russian do not forget their belong to the nation: the introduction of Kazakh words and expressions gives a strong national flavor. Within Kazakhstan words such as dastarhan , bayga , tor’ , bishara , dgute are already well-known , widely understood , we can say that they’re international. Connected with them layers of the national republics of the Kazakh and Kazakh life stories are already well known to different people . This may also include various folk expressions ( proverbs ), or translated into Russian trace in connection with the semantic organization and styling articles. Therefore, those who never tired of repeating about the lack of patriotism and Russification of journalistic community, forgets about the historical and geographical origin of our country.

Do not forget about the politics of the government. 21 century – is the century of globalization and internationalism of modern man, as a writer, journalist and reader . Multilingualism of Kazakh society is a dignity of the nation. How many media in the world can boast of multilingual publications and authors ? The more people will be able to read a particular newspaper, the greater the popularity of Kazakhstan will have journalism as a whole. Thus, the geographical and historical mission of our country, as " a bridge between Europe and Asia" , is reflected in journalism in Kazakhstan. Wide development of the Russian language in the media - it is one of the characteristic indicators of progress Kazakh journalism, stimulating its internationalism thinking.

Kazakhstan journalism movement to patriotism and globalization through bilingualism – is not a problem,but the dignity of our Republic and our people.

List of references:

1. Altybekov OB Ethno-linguistic processes in Kazakhstan: monograph. Almaty, 2006. - 113.

2. Lapenko MV, MV Light Bilingualism as a competitive advantage Kazakhstan and Russia in the context of globalization / / Proceedings of the scientific-practical conference. Kostanay 2008. - 128.