Филологические науки/ 7.Язык, речь, речевая коммуникация

Shurentaev A.M.

Kostanay State University named after A. Baitursynov, Kazakhstan

Art and publicistic genres of the Kazakh periodical press

Since my childhood I have thought that anyone can become a journalist. Everybody can write a small article or wriggle in front of the camera with the microphone in a hand. But becoming older and entering the university I realized that everything is much more difficult. As people say that the comprehension comes with the ages and the rest, as a rule, goes away.

Before writing “a small article” a journalist should decide on a genre. There are a lot of genres. It is adopted to differentiate three main groups of genres – informational, analytical and art and publicistic genres. The last genre is closer to me. That's why I’d like to tell about it in detail.

Art and publicistic genres are the most complex. The form plays a special esthetic role equally with the context. It causes the increased insistence to language, art figurativeness and an emotional saturation.

An essay takes the central position among these genres. It combines reporting, research and writing principals. The essay not simply reports the facts and conclusions, but also represents a synthesis of art and interpretation of reality. Unlike the analytical articles in the essays are quite appropriate using metaphors and other art techniques [1]. The feuilleton is a satirical genre. Its main object is a derision of various defects. The success of the feuilleton depends on the clearness of a statement of the facts and the language style of the feuilletonist [2]. A pamphlet is close to the feuilleton. If the feuilleton derides the negative phenomenon, the pamphlet derides the hero who is represented to the author a character of the dangerous social evil [3].

A parody is a satirical image of another's speech: a literary work, political, scientific or philosophical speech [4]. A satirical comment is a minor genre which differs from an analytical by using different means of expression (irony, hyperbola) [5].

The laughter of the parodist has its own features. If in the feuilleton the main form of display of reality is the irony, in the pamphlet is the sarcasm, the mockery becomes the main weapon of the parody. The ability to parodying is very valuable. But, unfortunately, it’s used rarely in the journalism. However, parodies are published from time to time.

Very rarely we can find a genre of a pamphlet and a feuilleton in the pages of modern newspapers, because now there is no necessity in a comic allegory. The newspaper "Vremya" publishes the feuilletons of Sapy Mekebaeva from the country "Aziopiya" in which he criticizes the political situation in our country, political and public figures. In “Kazakhstanskaya Pravda” newspaper S. Kovalyov's satirical works are printed under the rubric “Na vzglyad felyetonista”. It was more difficult to find these genres in Kostanai editions. As for an essay, it’s used more often in the regional periodical press. For example, if we take “Nasha Gazeta”, we can notice different rubrics which are focused on an essay genre. For example, some traveling essays are printed under the rubrics "Fishing Club" and "Zaimka". Also the genre of a traveling essay is presented in the rubric "Travellings" where essays "Chocolate "Zakher" Under a School Waltz", "Summer on Azure Costa Gilthead", "To Measures of Europe We Are Fantastically Rich", "Gold Steppe at the Pink River" and many other are published. These publications have characteristic features of the classical genre of travel essays. The plot of an essay reflects sequence of events, incidents and meetings of the author during his "way". The author chooses the most important and interesting events for the reader. What exactly the author will consider important and interesting, depends on his plan which is usually formed during the travel. Sometimes the plan originates before the beginning of a trip. In this case the author is based on the early supervisions. In addition to the adventurousness of a plot travel essay has such a feature, as dynamism. It is formed thanks to the fact of transference of the author in time and space. Dynamism allows to the author make the reader like an "accomplice" of a travel to feel the strain of the trip.

Now, however, the strict separation of genres exists only in the theory. Modern journalistic materials are characterized by blurred boundaries. This is characteristic for the essays.

List of references:

1. Electronic access: http://www.ido.rudn.ru-free

2. Electronic access: http://www.ido.rudn.ru - free

3.Komarov S.A. Pamphlet and satire. In col.: the 17th international reading in memoriam of M.Livshitsa. - Kharkov, 2012.

4. Electronic access: http://kgu-journalist.ucoz.ru - free

5. Electronic access: http://www.mediasprut.ru - free

6. Electronic access: http://www.ng.kz - free