Veterinary science / 1. Veterinary medicine

Baymenov B.M., Raketsky V.A.

A. Baitursynov Kostanay State University

Microbial contamination of the air in poultry houses

Microbial contamination of the air in poultry houses for keeping of parent stock. Investigations of microbial contamination of the air in cage keeping poultry houses of parent stock was held in different seasons.

Investigation of microbial contamination of the air in poultry houses were performed seasonably after prophylactic period with duration of 21 days.

Setting of birds into prepared poultries was carried out in September, and the livestock operation of this was exercised during 52 weeks. The results of research of the state of air microbial contamination of cage keeping poultry houses seasonably are shown in Table 1.

The results of the microbiological analysis of ambient air of cage keeping poultry houses of parent stock showed that the excess of hygiene microbial contamination of air is observed in winter and spring seasons in 1.27 times.

In autumn, the level of microbs in the airspace of poultry houses was within acceptable limits. Thus, elevated microbial background of ambient air of poultry houses for parent stock keeping was observed in winter and spring seasons. It is important to note that it is in these seasons the egg production has decreased to 2% compared with the autumn and summer seasons, and the preservation of birds varied during the year within 98,2-99,8%.

Table 1 - The numerical strength of the micro-organisms in 1 m³ of air in cage keeping poultry houses of parent stock, thousand KOE/m³

Way of keeping	Year seasons	Microbial contamination of air, thous. КОЕ/m^3	Egg production, %	Save of birds, %
Cage keeping	Autumn	162,6±0,7	84	99,8
	Winter	230,4±1,5	82	98,7
	Spring	223,1±1,2	81	98,5
	Summer	175,2±0,8	83	98,2

Microbial air contamination of poultry houses for keeping of industrial herd. According to technological schedule the preventive break in the sections of industrial poultry farm of herd was effected in July, after which the herds in these areas additionally were completed in April of the next year. Transplantation of birds into prepared poultry was conducted in August at the age of 119 days. Full lifecycle of birds was 52 weeks.

Quantative composition of microorganisms in the air per 1 m³ was studied in the production of eggs workshop from August to August. Results of the research of microbial contamination of poultry houses for keeping of industrial herds are shown in Table 2. Table 2 - The number of microorganisms in 1 m³ of poultry houses' air for keeping of of industrial herd in different seasons

Objects of investigation	Way of keeping	Year seasons	Microbial contamination of air, thous. КОЕ/m^3	Egg production, %	Save of birds, %
«Sever ptitsa» JSC	Cage keeping	Summer	171,7±1,2	83	99,7
		Autumn	195,2±1,5	82	98,1
		Winter	262,1±2,1	80	97,6
		Spring	245,0±1,9	82	97,3

Analysis of results of the investigation showed that the total concentration of microorganisms in the air of cage keeping poultry houses of "Sever Ptitsa"JSC ranged from 171.7 to 262.1 thaus.KOE/m3 throughout the year. Air contamination by microorganisms in cage keeping poultry houses was within the permissible level in the summer and autumn periods ( 171,1-195,2 thaus.KOE/m3 ) . In winter and spring there were exceeded the maximum permissible level, with the average maximum level in 1,2 times. Such a permissible of level of air microbial contamination promoted the reduce of productivity in 1-2 %, and the preservation of birds to 0.6 % in winter and spring seasons.

Thus, the mismatch of microbial contamination of air in poultry houses in different seasons reflects on the productivity and safety of the birds.

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