V.G. Kazinin, S. K. Severinova, O. M. Lavrovskaya

Crimea state medical university named after S. I. Georgievsky, Simferopol.

The role of prebiotics in orthopedic dentistry

The patients requiring orthopedic treatment generally have many different dental problems (caries, periodontitis, stomatitis),which always develop against the background of dysbiosis of the oral cavity. At the same time orthopedic restorations, made of foreign materials , have influence on disbiotic processes development and existing pathological phenomena.

For inflammatory diseases of oral cavity tissues prophylaxis and treatment, developing in patients using dentures, applied numerous antimicrobial preparations.

But antiseptics, traditionally applied in dentistry (furatsilin, dioxidine, chlorhexidine etc.) have numerous significant lacks.Thus, furatsilin has low antimicrobial activity in relation to the anaerobic flora. Chlorhexidine and dioxine, though the high activity against various oral bacteria, but the first one changes color of tongue and dental fillings, causes strained dental plaque and has irritating and allergenic affect, has unpleasant taste, nad the second – has allergenic , teratogenic and mutagenic properties.

All this caused the research of new, more effective antimicrobial preparations, such as miramistin,tsidipol, triclosan, listerine, catamine, metatsid and others.

Unfortunately, the results of microbiological investogation in vitro with using test strains anaerobic bacteria of oral cavity have identified insufficient antimicrobial efficiency most of antiseptics.

On the assumption of conception, that the human oral cavity contains

microbial physiological system, which consist of obligate, indigenous,

autochthonous microbial system, becomes clear, why even the highly active anti-microbial preparations do not protect from inflammatory complications the patients using dental prostheses.

Using the antiseptics or broad spectrum antibiotics, we destroy not only pathogenic microbs, but also our prebiotic flora, submitted by non-pathogenic streptococci, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria. This is the microflora, that protects from opportunistic and pathogenic bacteria and mushrooms.

It turned out that, the stimulation the growth of prebiotic microflora with using specific substances, natural origin, it's possible to provide the normal microbiocaenosis in oral cavity and to prenvent inflammatory processes development. Among the regulators of oral microbiocaenosis the most pay attention the materials of plant origin, which belong to the class of polyphenols.

The investigation, conducted in department of biotechnology “Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy”, has shown , that many polyphenols, in particular flavonoids have prebiotic properties by stimulation the growth of good flora and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microbs.

The plant extracts , containing flavonoids, proved effective in preventing and treatment the periodontal diseases, stomatitis, including prosthesis diseases.

In the “Ukrainian Medical Stomatological Academy” under the guidance of prof. A.P. Levitsky developed about 20 therapeutic and preventive dental elixirs, based on plant extract, contained polyphenols; the most of them have been applied in stomatology : in the periodontitis, caries, stomatitis treatment and in surgical diseases of maxillofacial region.

Unfortunately, the most of suggested dental elixirs have not been used yet for prosthetic stomatitis prophylaxis and treatment. The exception is only dental elixir ,which contains lysozyme, ovomucoid and cetavlon (“Lizomucoid”) and complex of biologically active substances, based on wheat germ, soybean seeds, chicory root and mint leaves (Biodent-4).Both these elixirs are studied by J.G. Romanova and were very effective for inflammatory complications prophylaxis in prosthetics.

The influence of dental elixir “Lizomucoid” and gel “Sage” on dysbiosis level and prooxidant-antioxidant index API of oral cavity in prostheses by solid construction was studied by Rozumenko M. V. and was established favorable impact of used treatment and prophylaxic complex on these indexes.

All of the above data evidence in favor of prospects of elixirs using in practice of stomatitis treatment .