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D.ph.s.,professor, Anuar Tarakov Aitmukhanbetova Ainur Serikbaikuzu

Kazakh National University Kazakh National University

named after al-Farabi named after al-Farabi

Almaty, Kazakhstan Almaty, Kazakhstan

Anuar_tarak@mail.ru ajtmuxanbetova83@mail.ru

Kazakh life in Chingiz Aitmatov's compositions.

Everybody knows that the the most celebrated Kyrgyz classic Chingiz Aitmatov with his belonging to the literature is bound to MuKhtar Auezov's protection. On the 27-th of January, 1967 in the newspaper "Kazakhstanskay Pravda" the famous writer appreciated MuKhtar Auezov in his "The word about the teacher" article, having said: "for me Muhtar Auezov is not only the academic personality or the great master, he is also the man who supported me with his paternal protection". The Great admit the other's greatness and value. Chingiz Aitmatov not only justified MuKhtar Auezov's hopes, but he also developed the work of the great genius, widening the horizons of the world literature with his magnificent works. Not only MuKhtar Auezov favored him, but the Kazakh writers and the publishers also accepted him with open arms. The publication of the "Jamila" story in "Leninshil zhas" newspaper was not only the original step in the neighbour holy Kazakh land, but also in the conquest of the other countries.

One of the brightest journalists of the sport subjects in the Kazakh prose, the writer Seidahmet Berdikulov, having called him "Aitmatov of humanity', raised the Kyrgyz classic to the high pedestal and determined his originality on the world level. Many of the Kazakh writers, literary men, translators expressed their sincere praises about Aitmatov's works. The translations of his works, made by such a talented translator like Kalzhan Nurmahanov, found the hearts of the Kazakh-speaking readers. Later the translations in the Russian language became the common property of the country. The fact that the every Chingiz Aitmatov's work was honoured with the best meanings from the task group was beyond questions.In the Chingiz Aitmatov's creative work the Kazakh theme, the theme of the kazakh culture were covered with special, warm attention till the end of the classic's last days. It proved that in the end of his life he often came to Almaty and to the capital of the Kazakh people, to Astana, showing his love to brothers and to relatives- Kazakh people.

Although the sphere, where Salambek mingles, corrupts people, but he was able to keep the dignity of the just man, peculating to his people.

Abai chose the Salambek's jurt with the definite purpose: to tell what the authorities wanted from him, who several times sent the heralds for him...'

Salambek not very talkative by nature wasn't outspoken with Abai too. He said only the thing that the poet knew very well without him.

The author described him like a not talkative and pleasant man. But in one episode, devoted to Orazbai's dispute, Muhtar Auezov introduced him like a well-known Russia language translator. Thus, including the Kyrgyz translator in the additional personages, worked on the kazakh land, he segregated him like a conscientious translator, while there were the translators quite often, who sold the soul for the cattle and riches, and showed his boundless respect to the kyrgyz people. Mukhtar Auezov was favorable to Aitmatov's talent when Chingiz was a student, even in the times of the selfless translation the eposes "Manas", "Tonykok", "Kultegin". And even then he gave his benediction to his first works as "Jamila", "Face to face". And in 1961 when Aitmatov with another kyrgyz writer was nominated to a Lenin's prize, he made a big support.

Then Chingiz Aitmatov will say: "There are two saints, who are always with me, wherever I go, this kyrgyz epos "Manas", Mukhtar Auezov's "Abai's Way", filled with a deep respect and inclination. In his most books Aitmatov wrote a fragment from Auezov's lectures about a relationship between kazakh and kyrgyz as an epigraph "Kazakh and kyrgyz grandfather is an ancient tripe of nomads and warriors - Saki. In an Alexander Makedonsky times they called them a big-numbered and a powerful tribe."

In his life Chingiz Aitmatov was in chatty and creative relationships with a big number of the writers. Especially with a talented Kazakh writer, dramatist, miraculous person - Kaltai Mukhamedzhanov. Their united work is a drama, which played not only in two countries, but also in another, "Koktebe's meeting". The idea of this drama Aitmatov explains in this way: "In the beginning the material was created not for a play, but for a narrative. Although, the theatre in the direction by Galina Volchen and Oleg Tabakov persuaded me that the idea of the plot perfectly suits to a scene. Then I narrated the plot's idea to my Kazakh-friend, Kaltai Mukhamedzhanov, and he became the co-author of the play. He wrote the first version in Kazakh, and translated into Russian. We complemented each other, and so a play was born ". It means, that in this way creative union presented us its benefits.

During his visiting the USA, Aitmatov attended the Washington Theatre, where this play was presented, and he saw how the play was accepted by the public. Watching how good and blissfully the play was accepted and what thoughts the play revives, Chingiz decided to go in for writing the plays. When Kaltai Mukhamedzhanov, a person, with whom Chingiz related to his desire of writing the plays left the life, his desire died with Kaltai.

For the first time, the Kazakh theme was touched in the "Jamila" novel, where the main character Daniyar, who lived during many years on Kazakh land, returned back to his motherland. His first meeting with the public the author said: "when Daniyar came back to the native auyl people met him with the approbation, "how long he travelled abroad, but he had returned back - it means, he must drink water from the native aryk. But he didn't forget his language, he talks with the Kazakh accent, but he says clearly! The words belong not only to a person, but to people. People so much carrying for Kazakhs, that they do not judge him for his Kazakh accent.

In the episode where Daniyar is singing on the arba, the writer tried to reconcile his voice with the two nation's nature: "Daniyar's music kept the best melodies of the two twisted native nations and by itself twisted them into the one united unforgettable song. It was a mountain and steppe song, sonorously taken off, like a kyrgyz mountains, and lying like a kazakh steppe. Reading these lines, it's impossible not to catch sigh of the writer's master lines, when he describes the Daniyar's singing.

In the beginning of the Aitmatov's narrative "White Stream boat" describing: "one day in the present spring to their cordon had came a conscript lorry - on the high wheels and like his nose was cut off. Young soldier - driver accepted the boy to sit inside the cab. Great! And arrived conscript with the golden shoulder strops was walking with Orazkul in the forest.

"what is it? It was never like this" and then there is the dialogue between the characters: "are you looking for a spy?" - asked the boy soldier, who grinned:

yes, we are looking for a spy. But no spy had came to us. - sadly said the boy. The soldier laughed:

Why do you need him?

I would run for him and catch him.

Oh you are so nimble. - you are young, raise up.

And when the conscript with the golden shoulder strap walked with the driver were talking.

I love of the mobiles and all of the drivers, - said the boy.

Why? - asked the solder.

And all of us were the guests of that known guy who has been living there. And his grandmother asked the guy from North Kazakhstan his "ru". He said that he was from Presnovka. In answer to it grandmother said that there was not "ru" at Kazakhs in Russian. We had to explain the situation of theirs lands. Chingiz Aitmatov repeated the name of Horned Mother- Deer through his characters so that to send reader to intrigues of history. In "White steamship" the author obviously sympathizes with Kulubek-Bugunian. In fragment from book: "And even the last lorry didn't stop. Young man in fatigue-dress, jacket, without shoulder strap and uniform cap, but in ordinary cap looked out from the cabin. It was a driver.

Hello! What are you doing here? - He gave a wink to boy. Nothing, - said the shamed boy. Are you Momun's grandson? - Yes.

I knew it. I am the Bugunian too. There are all Bugunians. We are going for a hay. Present- day Bugunians don't know each other... Send my regards to your grandpa. Say that you saw Kulubek, the son of Chotbai. Say that Kulubek came from army and now work as a driver in sovkhoz. See you!- At parting he presented the boy some interesting military badge. Similar to order." author presents him to readers as a man who revere his ancestors, his origin. And the boy wants to grow into a man like him:

"The boy nodded him. But if someone knew how hotly and resonant his heart begins to beat. Kulubek himself talked to him. He is the strongest, the most courageous and the most handsome of these guys. If I were him!"

"Farewell, Gulsary!" story first was published in "Novi mir" magazine's third issue in 1966, then it was a part of "White steamship" collected stories. The story which twice formed the basis of a films propagandize peace and friendship between family nations in the name of common aims and principles. Writer painting the pictures of serene days in common zhailau fluently pass on to common national game "Kokpar" to show similarity of two nations:

"Until the very evening rushed Kirgiz and Kazakhs hanging down from saddle, catching up goat carcass, snatching it out, bunching and scattering with shouts.

And when the day drew to a close old men permitted alaman- bayga. Goat was threw in circle. "Alaman!..."

The author chose wide Kazakh steppe describing "Kokpar". Thus he compares a good singing of shepherds. We can see his love to Kazakh steppes in this lines:

"I wanted master singing, but he didn't sing. Ail was left behind. Farewell, Ail. There are mountains in front. , steppe, till the next spring. There are mountains in front."

As the author loved the mountains of motherland such he loved Kazakh steppe. Episode where author tells about "Kokpar" game is one of the culmination and bright moments of the book. This kind of game is being described with a great artistry. The game excites reader's imagination. It seemed to be not only on a power level but in a psychological level too. On the one hand it can be seemed that the author was on his nation's side. But we have to notice how the author praises mastery and power of Kazakh.

"But he has already been tired. The day was so difficult. Ambler was exhausted. Two dzhigits pulled him not allowing to fall. And he was lying on goat carcass laying over saddle. Tanabai's head dangled. If there aren't attendant horsemen he and his ambler will not incapable of going..."

From this fragment we should understand that Tanabai and his fast horse are obliged to the Kazakhs with monstrous tiredness.

In the narrative "Farewell, Gulsary" narrated not only playing relationships of the nations, but also people relationships during the peaceful and war days. Common grieves, mutual gladness found their sit in the context of the narrative.

About the auyl's patriarch and whole-respected person, Chore, definitely about his dying, the author wrote with an especially quiver.

"The Kazakh had come!" - speculated Tabanbai and realized that there is no hope for something. Neighboring Kazakhs, that came from the river, lamented chore, as a brother, neighbor, person nearest to them and popular in the whole country. "Thank you, brothers - thought Tabanbai in that minute - From grandparents and fathers - in the grief, weddings and in the races. Cry, cry with us! It seemed like from Tabanbai's mouth was talking the author.

In his every composition, Aitmatov writes about Kazakhs: in the characters dialogues, monologues are in the narration. However there are shown the relationship and friendship between Kazakhs and kyrgyzs. Even when happened the bloodshed in the Kyrgyzstan, the Kazakhs were the first who made a big support to them. The great artist in his every word and interview thanked the Kazakhs, Kazakh writers, who rejoiced his first creative steps, also Mukhtar Auezov, who gave him a big support in the independent ocean of the world prose. "Kyrgyzs and Kazakhs have a common destiny on the historical level. There are spirit brothers from the ancient times" - said Chingiz Aitmatov, by agreeing with the Mukhtar's exploring work. Spiritual relation of the nations found his continuation in the relationships of the new economic support in this so hard period of the Kazakhstan life.

The eastern Chingiz became popular not only on the west, but also in the USA and in the whole world, and became "Aitmatov of the humanity". Even if he was born in Kyrgyzstan, his talent is common for everyone. The writer, who founded the development related roots between the Kazakhs and kyrgyzs, will always stay in the Kazakh reader's hearts.

Ru- in Kazakh it means "clan"

Bugunian - A man from Bugu clan

Alaman- bayga – Horse racing on rough terrain for long distances

Abstract— The article is about famous Kyrgyz classic Chingiz Aitmatov’s life and works. Chingiz Aitmatov became popular not only in the west, but also in the USA and in the whole world, and became "Aitmatov of humanity". Even if he was born in Kyrgyzstan, his talent is common for everyone (Abstract)

Keywords- literature; Aitmatov; kazakh; work; humanity (key words)

REFERENCES

Iraj Bashiri. The Art of Chingiz Aitmatov's Stories(English) (discussion of Aitmatov's characters) 1972, pp.99–125.

S.V.Kallistratova. We were not silent. Open letter to writer Chingiz Aitmatov, May 5, 1988 (Russian). Moscow: Academic, 1988, pp. 245–450.

Kolesnikoff, Nina. Myth in the Works of Chingiz Aitmatov. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1999, pp89-153

A. Ashimkhanova, “Connections of Ch.Aytmatov’s novel with classics and present,” The International Conference “IN MEMORY of CHINGIZ AITMATOV” London 2012, pp. 58-59.