Political / 4. Political Leadership

PhD, docent, A.V. Golovinov
Altai Academy of Economics and Law, Russia
By the characterization of the ideology of political science Siberian regionalism

Today is a pressing need to formulate a more accurate determination of the indigenous sense of ideology Siberian regionalism with modern research positions. In this sense, the identification of adequate political science would allow, finally, to neutralize ingrained in the public consciousness, "Phantom of the Siberian separatism." From this position Siberian oblastniki do not advocate senseless "separation" of the eastern regions of the country from the metropolis. On the contrary, they were in favor of the union-state unity, a full-fledged autonomy and political equivalence of all areas within the national Federation.
It is worth noting that the theory of regionalism at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. was quite popular. One of his biographers, G.N. Potanin stressed "living the specific gravity of Potanin's political philosophy in the development of the Siberian community." Known relevance oblastnicheskoy theory was the fact that "The Russian Empire was a conglomeration of areas in which there along with the imperial law, acted remnants of local law. There was, for example, the story of Don regionalism in the age of empire." The concept of "regionalism" and his own ideology is a pure Siberian phenomenon. This article is clearly apparent NM Yadrintseva "Gogol and its regional significance." The leader of the movement oblastnicheskogo calls it the famous writer, "a writer of national life", which developed the Ukrainian regional element."

Valuable source for adequate reconstruction of socio-political program regionalism is a little-known article GN Potanin's "Notes on the Western Siberia." The key finding her not "separatist". It is formulated in the spirit of serial radical democratic federalism. "The Russian people are laid new foundations for the continuation of his life - claimed GN Potanin - ... if you imagine in the future Siberia, as well populated as the current European Russia, it is impossible not to think that the center of political gravity Russian government must go to it ". [1] No need to reduce regionalism to separatism. The only possibility for the realization of comprehensive individual potencies sibirefily associated with the transformation of centralized states in the "alliances" of provinces and regions, in a sort of state-of the community. And Siberia in their reasoning clearly illustrated these community structures, which oblastnicheskom forecast should be the basis of national self-government without the "pedestal".

Trying to distance itself from the national exclusiveness GN Potanin in the article To be or not to be Siberian regionalism? . "National rivalries, - he concluded - lead to bloodshed in favor of political dreamers, for the principles of infertile human progress". [2] Patriarch free Siberia emphasized that the very nature of things nationalism expunged from the program regionalism. Siberian oblastniki never felt obliged to take into account the ethnographic features but they also have other features, the economic and legal, which may cause the appearance of currents ... oblastnicheskih entities in which it has awakened consciousness, and there is oblastniki." A more accurate root meaning oblastnicheskoy philosophy can be found in the pages of "Siberian life." "Regionalists - reported one of the authors of this once popular regional publications - aimed at building cultural prosperity of the whole country. Regionalists we call a person who wants to see it dotted with cultural institutions, and in the local community awakening of interest in the material and spiritual needs"[3].

In the perspective of autonomy and antistatism regionalists centralistic model was developed through a balanced hierarchy and division of functions between the center and the province as a system of "bottom-up" approach. Fundamentally, the theoretical basis of such views was, in our opinion, cultural and anthropological principle "developed personalities," decorated in an organic model of socio-cultural polyphony, ie "unity in diversity". The development of the internal potential of the regions, in terms of regional officials, there is a fundamental condition for the development and prosperity of the whole country, and whose wealth is revealed in a variety of distinctive regional folk beginnings. Through the prism of the federalist and reginovedcheskogo approach that building hierarchies from the bottom up, that is, from the provinces to the center, regionalists saw the problem of federal foundations of statehood, including the primary cause needs in learning and development areas, which, in turn, will give independent living and the area itself - the province. Meanwhile oblastnicheskaya concept does not confined to local interests.

Thus, a key political foundation oblastnicheskoy theory can be considered as they develop the issue of harmonization of relations between the center and the provinces. The basis for such a balanced system is precisely the socio-cultural diversity of the subjects of the process, reflected in themselves and how to build the possible hierarchies in relationships "center - a province."

References:

1. Potanin G.N. Notes on the Western Siberia / G.N. Potanin / / Russian word. - 1860. -№ 9. - P. 194

2. Potanin G.N. To be or not to be Siberian regionalism? / G.N. Potanin / / Potanin G.N. Selected works in three volumes, Volume 2 Social and political work. Pavlodar, 2005. -C. 352

3. Siberian life. - 1926. - September 8. -C.2