Pedagogical
sciences/2. Problems of specialists’ training
Trusova T.V.
South-Russia State University of Economics and
Service, Russia
Some Means of Formation of the
Professional and Linguistic Competence in the Course of Training Specialists of
Technical Universities
With the expansion of professional
bilingual communication in the modern world, where knowledge of foreign
languages becomes a category that is really necessary for practical and
intellectual activity of a person, makes his professional field wider due to
availability of foreign information, it is important to develop interest in the
accumulation of knowledge, make a person understand the value of learning a
foreign language as a way of expansion of his/her life and professional space.
There is a need to form a student as a personality through bringing a foreign
language as close to special disciplines as possible, through understanding by
the students its applied purposes, actualizing pragmatic aspects of language
learning.
The essence of the process of language
learning in a non-linguistic university is to integrate the goals of vocational
training and teaching a foreign language. It is, in fact, the integration of
knowledge into the contents of vocational education, where the integrator is a
foreign language, which is a means of education, training and readiness
formation of future engineers for their professional activity in a unified
information space.
Profession-oriented course of a foreign
language opens up wide opportunities to plan the learning process in such a way
that constant development and individual work enabling self-development of a
student with respect to basic requirements of didactics and systematic approach
to mastering knowledge are quite feasible. Thus, orientation of a course of a
foreign language on the future profession of a student is a system of didactic
means enabling to change the ratio of general and applied purposes and realize
the latter in teaching a foreign language so that it would later be used in the
professional work. The objective will be achievable if the proposed course
corresponds to the contents of education and is focused on the motivational
sphere of students, on the profession they are trained for, is differentiated
so that learning was of personal character for every student, helps to develop
in each student steady and rational skills of individual work and the ability
to carry out a systematic approach to mastering knowledge, which is a condition
for further self-education.
Concerning the problem of formation of
competences in the sphere of a foreign language, the researchers (Artemieva
O.A., Makeyeva M.N., Milrood R.P.) note that the formation of certain
competences should develop a person, ensure the achievement of practical and
educational goals that are closely interrelated.
The basic practical
purpose, according to the researchers, is the necessity to teach students to
realize the tasks of mastering a foreign language and relate them to their
future professional activity in real life.
The educational purposes are the
development of skills and abilities of intellectual labour, the formation of
interest in foreign culture, the increasing the general culture and
professional competence of students, the enriching, deepening and improvement
of knowledge of a foreign language through self-education and creative
application in practice.
Among the developmental objectives are
the following: the development of intellectual, emotional and motivational
spheres of a student’s personality, the formation of self-identity,
self-expression, self-control, personal reflection.
Professional and linguistic competence
of a future specialist is formed more effectively in pedagogical conditions
that ensure subject-to-subject relations in the learning process that is
realization of cooperation in the educational process when educational activity
is treated as the factor of personal and vocational development. These
conditions are realized through the activity of a teacher and educational
activities of students, which, in turn, are implemented in a variety of methods
and forms of education.
One of these forms is to engage
students in the compilation of terminological dictionaries and replenishment of
already existing dictionaries, which has been practiced in our university for a
number of years. Our attention to this form of cooperation is due, primarily,
to focusing on the creation of an additional motivation to study a foreign
language. Currently there is growing interest in terminology and terminological
problems and it can be easily explained. At the time of the formation of a new
information paradigm and the development of artificial intelligence,
computerized communication and integration of science and technology new terms
appear faster than ever before in human history. According to some estimates,
over 90 % of new words that appear in today’s lexicon are just a special
vocabulary. On the other hand, it is well known that a language affects the
content and formation of the conceptual foundations of many disciplines.
Through the process of language learning in the form of contextual training
there is clarification of terminology and conceptual definitions that is
terminological and conceptual content of professionally-relevant disciplines
that promotes the development of professional competence and, through it, the
intelligence in general. The significance of a term is thus extremely great, as
a term, being a cognitive and communicative unit of symbolic nature, specifies the
program of activities and behaviour for the participants of professional
communication.
Terminology is the core of the language
of professional communication. It concentrates in itself its main features and
properties. A term is a verbalized result of professional thinking, an
important linguistic and cognitive means of orientation in the professional
sphere and a major element of professional communication. Learning mechanisms
in a particular field of knowledge or activities are implemented in a term. It
is represented by the structures of special knowledge, which serve as a
starting point in understanding the professional environment and contribute to
optimal organization of the specialists’ activity. Terms are the primary means
of conceptual orientation in the cognitive and communicative space. They are a
means of professional communication, a means of updating professional knowledge
in the course of activity.
Compiling dictionaries we set the task
to give rather a detailed description of contemporary vocabulary relating to a
particular professional field, which includes terminology, professionalisms,
professional jargon. Intensive application of computer technologies in the
learning process has led to the creation of electronic versions of dictionaries
allowing not only a faster search of the translation of words, abbreviations
and the right terms, but also to add new words and word combinations.
Studying a foreign language a student
learns a symbolic nature of verbal communication and deeper understands his
native language. Thus the study of a foreign language plays a very unique role
in general training of specialists in every field, in the development of
thinking of students. The essential point in dealing with general education
objectives while teaching a foreign language is to work with words. The
engagement of students in the compilation of terminological dictionaries, as
practice shows, motivates and stimulates learning activities, encourages
students to attentive reading, reflection and analysis expanding their
horizons, develops their thinking and creative activity, has a positive impact
on the personality of a student.
References
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Ãîëîâèí, Á. Í. Òåðìèíîëîãèÿ [Òåêñò] / Á.Í.Ãîëîâèí, Ô.Ì.Áåðåçèí // Îáùåå
ÿçûêîçíàíèå. - Ì., 1979. – C.264
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ïðîôåññèîíàëüíîãî îáðàçîâàíèÿ [Òåêñò] / Î. Ãðèøàíîâà // Alma Mater. – 2007. - ¹4. – Ñ.8-12