Современные информационные технологии / 3. Программное обеспечениеь

Satmaganbetova Zh.Z., senior teacher Azirkhanova M., student

Kostanay State University named A.Baitursynov

ELECTRONIC TEXTBOOKS OF THE XXI CENTURY

Textbooks is the most important component of educational process for a long time. The good textbook was always highly appreciated and was reliable basis for settling the subject. The XXI century in the conditions of the prompt growth, and also a wide circulation of new information technologies, information of education not only the textbook role which often turned in electronic increased, it also acquired absolutely new information properties which use allows to increase efficiency of training activity considerably.

What is "The electronic textbook"? What costs under concept of the electronic textbook? The electronic textbook is the textbook existing in the form of the electronic document i.e. in the form of the text, which is stored in memory of the electronic computer (EC), may viewed only on the screen of the special display unit (monitor) and cannot be processed differently as by means of a computer. Electronic textbooks originally developed as manuals for distance education. However, over time those many opportunities, which they give for educational process, caused implementation of electronic textbooks in programs of self-education, as well as to replace normal paper textbooks in general education programs of schools.

Despite that fact that the paper textbook is customaries, and therefore is now more convenient to school students for perception, electronic textbooks acquire the increasing popularity in view of the more many opportunities every year.

One of the principal advantages of electronic training materials before printing it is possible to call the following:

· Function of fast search. An information indexing in printing issuing if is present; its opportunities are very restricted. The electronic textbook, on the contrary, gives opportunity quickly at the same time precisely to find information necessary to you on any required request. It easy, convenient and practical.

· Possibility of the personal organization and structuring information in the form of the hypertext. Such system gives opportunity to integrate the most important information units in one logical chain. It positively influences perception of a training material and promotes its best comprehensibility and an study.

· Multimedia functions. They give the chance to use in a training material not only an illustration, but also music and video records. It in many respects promotes improvement of quality of training and it is much better than the page of the normal textbook, at the same time retains attention of the pupil, fully concentrating it on educational process.

· Interactive simulation. Pupils have an opportunity to make a set of the virtual experiments, for example, at the rate of chemistry, biology or physics. Moreover, the virtual experiments can be both simple, and quite difficult, such that in school laboratory could not simply repeated. It is possible to work with three-dimensional graphic models of molecules and atoms, for example.

· Interactive system of self-examination. Which gives the chance to the pupil in the convenient form to evaluate the level of the knowledge, more fully to be prepare for examinations and examinations.

Considering these opportunities in a complex, it is possible to tell that the electronic textbook differs from the classical paper. It gives much more wide opportunities, both for training within the existing programs, and for development and optimization of educational process.

If plus the electronic textbook that it one can replace with itself(himself) a set of paper manuals which school students won't need to drag with themselves in a briefcase, minuses consist in technical imperfection of these devices. However, reducing physical activity students who with the advent of e-textbooks do not have to carry a lot of paper, can cause a host of other problems, including the health of children. This opinion expressed by the doctors’ fear that children can spoil your vision often using electronic books.

Along with a large amount of advantages, it is necessary to mark also shortcomings of electronic means:

· Sharply increase load of sight. In case of disoperation can provoke development of shortsightedness, dryness of an eye and, as a result, an inflammation and conjunctivitis. Doctors admit: today technical novelties at schools appear so quickly that they do not manage to study, whether children can give them in a charge, without being afraid for their health.

· The children using only electronic textbooks lose possibility of communication with the contemporaries therefore electronic textbooks shall be use for children only as the additional method of training. The time spent shall be at the computer strictly limited and alternate with outdoor games, it is desirable on air.

· Distant education is not suitable for skill to communicate development. In case of remote learning personal contact of pupils with each other and with teachers is minimum, and even at all is absent. Therefore, such form of education is not suitable for development of skill to communicate, confidence, skills of team working.

· Training in the specialties assuming a large number of a practical training is remotely complicated. Even the modern trainers will not replace to future physicians or teachers of "live" practice.

· Today the prices of electronic means still considerably exceed the prices of traditional textbooks.

In summary, we would like to tell that the central figure of training activity and in the future, there will be a teacher. The computer will play an important, but supporting role; the main task of use of multimedia and generally any new technologies in education, is provision to the teacher and the pupil of the maximum freedom of choice of forms and methods of operation and facilitation of transfer of knowledge from training to the trainee. The computer shall add, but not substitute traditional manuals (including the customary textbook).