Педагогические науки / 3. Методические основы воспитательного процесса

Postgraduate student Sikaliuk A.I.

Dragomanov National Pedagogical University, Ukraine

The role and place of socio-ethical values in professional training process of the students of economic specialties

Socio-ethical values of a person are inextricably linked with the development of personality. It is the student's age is the most sensitive in a sense of professional development as well as in a sense of mastering with conscious socio-ethical values.

Considering this category of young people, psychologists prove that peculiarities of this category of young people are associated with the development of self-consciousness, the question of professional identity and entry into adulthood, with the formation of professional interests, needs in professional and social activity, independence. During this period the young man quite easily acquires the knowledge, skills, develops personal qualities which are necessary for the profession.

In addition, the above period (18-22 years) ─ this is the most active period of development of moral values, the mastery of a complex social role of an adult. But in this period, personal characteristics play a significant role in the development of student’s personality. Therefore, in addition to possession of the necessary professional competencies, knowledge, skills, personal socio-ethical characteristics, the student should be aware of their presence and to use them adequately.

In our research work we have focused on the students of the specialty «Management», future specialists of the economic sphere.

At the present stage of society development, the most effective is such management which is directed to enhancing the role of the human factor. This can be explained by the fact that the human factor in governance ensures the development of each employee, the satisfaction of his personal interests, develop initiative, creative ability of the each member of the staff. No doubt, this management has moral principles, because they are both focused on the development of economic and moral human relationships. If today in the center of management attention is a person, his personal dignity, the maximum use of his potential, so we can say that such management is modern and ethically correct.

Introduction management into the science has given rise to new approaches to human labor, development of individuality and so on. All this together requires the implementation of complex socio-ethical values, although the analysis of the various professional codes of ethics proves that, in the first place, they contribute to the profession dimension of social responsibility and also direct professional activity for the common good which is an essential feature of professional ethics.

As practice shows, in the modern understanding the entity of management ─ is a manager who is empowered in the field of decision making. Of course, capital, goods, skilled workers, good advertising are important for succeeding in professional activity, but without a good manager a firm will not achieve success. Firstly, he must be morally oriented, know a lot about the people with whom he works to manage them successfully. Regardless from the sphere of activities, a manager must possess the working skills with the staff to consider the human factor in the solution of managerial problems. Therefore, we can say that he is always an organizer, a leader in such situations and must mobilize not just to good work, but primarily ─ to the achievement of goals. At the same time he should search his style of work, interaction with staff.

Practice shows that the organization cannot function without a manager, because it provides the organization's fulfillment of its primary purpose; designs and installs the interaction between some operations and activities; develops the strategy of the organization behavior; responsible for the performance of the organization; officially represents the organization in various events. This encourages entrepreneurs and staff to master the following moral qualities: professionalism, competence, awareness, ability to win the trust, openness, honesty, a sense of human dignity.

As proved by E. Guskova [2], in the management area in all groups of methods the ethical responsibilities of a manager dominate, in which the socio-ethical values are affected in different degree and these values either present or gradually are being formed in the process of practical activity. So, the leaders need to be as an example of moral behavior and to live in accordance with moral values; leaders are responsible for the prospects of the organization of which they lead; leaders must constantly inform subordinates about their intentions; managers are responsible for coordinating the work of the staff, have to trust him, to stimulate when making decisions; managers are responsible for creating an environment which directs to the promotion of personal development.

Moreover, a manager who strives to work effectively and expects to use the potential of his subordinates must be many-sided person. He should be able to think logically, to solve problems with minimal cost to risk, not only to make decisions, but also to take responsibility for their implementation. He must possess such moral qualities as justice and honesty, friendly attitude towards colleagues, be willing to cooperate with them, to be able to withstand the pressure and broaden their horizons, to own the technology of communication with different people. These position data are the basis for the search of scientific and methodological basis for the formation of future managers of a certain unit of professional and personal socio-moral values.

After having analyzed the theoretical sources, we have identified the content and structure of socio-ethical values, which include their constituents and characteristics as values-qualities: moral self-determination; willingness to comply with social and ethical norms and traditions, corresponding to the universal norms; relevant behavioral self-regulation which reflects responsibility, sense of duty, self- control; interaction which reflects a certain maturity of personality in a sense of the formation of beliefs, value orientations which reflect responsible socio and moral position in the implementation of their social ambitions; the personalization of a student which in socially constructed identity reflects the manifestation of the formation to the world, to people, to oneself, freedom of choice in decision making.

An analysis of the ethical qualities of management requires the allocation system of rules and regulations which include basic ethical values, norms and rules that are professionally oriented to different styles of work and moral image of the leader.

So, it is necessary to have objectives, planning, organization and control for the realizing the management process. The effect of management activities depends on the experience, skills, qualities (in particular the contact, attention, determination and so on). The ethical behavior of the manager is formed on the basis of the available special abilities to management activities: the ability to solve non-standard problems; the ability to think big; the ability to realistically assess yourself and your capabilities, to make decisions independently; the ability to evaluate the work of the staff and partners and, at the same time, the characteristics of the human resources of the manager (referring to the ability to manage the staff, adequate knowledge of the ethics, psychology and sociology, the development of creative abilities of individuality). The above mentioned characteristics are generally socio-ethical standards.

Well-known scientist S. Molchanov [4] proves in his research work that recorded by scientists from different countries, socio-ethical values inherent in their specialists resonate with the socio-moral values that were identified by scientists in Ukraine. This, in particular, relates to such qualities as: respect for property, hard work, equality, love for people, obedience, sensitivity, independence, freedom of choice in decision making, fairness, trust and so on.

It can be argued that the success of the manager depends on the following characteristics: dynamism, sociability and attractiveness, ability to inspire. However, the manager's behavior is characterized by professional skill, fortitude and restraint in communication and behavior. But all these qualities are enhanced if he possesses such valuable qualities as: optimism, love and respect for people, courage, tact and confidence [1]. This allows us to say that the behavior and management style is really reasonable moral guideline for subordinates and, at the same time, his ability to stick to the ethical requirements which a social personality has.

Considering the above-mentioned, we can talk about the formation of socio-ethical values of future managers, as a purposeful, continuous and specially organized pedagogical process which is a part of the educational process and providing training of future specialists to conduct professional activities on the basis of socio-ethical norms and requirements in accordance with the requirements of educational standards and society in general.

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