УДК 343.3/.7
BaimbetovNurzhanSerikovich
PhD, Associate Professor
Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Law Faculty
Е-mail: baimbetovn@mail.ru
Actual problems of
implementation of measures aimed at combating corruption in Kazakhstan
Annotation: In this article, the author writes about the problems related
corruption offenses in the Republic of Kazakhstan.The crimeof
corruption, are dangeroussocio-legal phenomenon, whichencroaches on thecriminal lawprotectedsocial relations. Corruption causespolitical, material and so
on,detriment of the stateand society.Corruption
offensesincludebribery,misappropriation andembezzlementof entrusted property,
abuse of powerorofficial authority, inactionin
the service,forgeryand others. The social bases
of these crimes carry adanger to the publicsocial
valuesandprinciples of the society.
Keywords:corruption,
corruption offenses, government agencies, society, state security, law.
Актуальные
проблемы реализации мер направленных на
противодействие коррупции в Казахстане
Баимбетов
Н.С.
Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается проблемы,
связанные с коррупционными правонарушениями в Республике Казахстан. Преступлениякоррупционного характера, представляют собой
опасное социально-правовое явление, которое посягает на охраняемые уголовным
законодательством общественные отношения. Коррупция наносит политический,
материальный и пр. вред государству и обществу. Коррупционные преступления
включают взяточничество, присвоение и растрату вверенного чужого имущества,
превышения власти или должностных полномочий, бездействия по службе, служебного
подлог и др. Социальная природа
данных преступлений несут в себе
общественную опасностьсоциальным ценностям и устоям общества.
Ключевые слова: коррупция, коррупционные преступления,
государственные органы, общество, государственная безопасность,
законодательство.
Баимбетов
Н.С.
Аннотация: Бұл мақалада автор сыбайлас
жемқорлыққа байланысты құқықтықмәселелерін талқылайды.Сыбайлас жемқорлық қазіргі
қоғамның жағымсыз құбылысы болып табылады.
Жемқорлықпен күресті өз құзырында
барлық мемлекеттік органдары
жүргізеді. Қаржы
полиция органдарының осы
күрес шеңберінде алғашқы міндеті болып әкімшілік
қызметін атқаратын қызметкерлерінің тарапынан
жемқорлық жағдайларын тудырмау. Сонымен қатар
мемлекеттік органдары арасындағы жемқорлық тудыратын
жағдайларды болдырмау табылады.
Түйін сөздер:сыбайлас жемқорлық, мемлекеттік
органда, қоғам, мемлекеттік каүіпсіздік,
заңдылық.
At present the problem of corruption in government
agencies, has become very relevant in our country, abuse of power and
authority, disregard the legitimate interests of society and the state in order
to benefit and property crimes of corruption schemes and artifices become
criminalized. The definition of the crime of corruption includes such features
as crime, public danger and wrongfulness. It should be noted that the social
danger of corruption crimes is illegal encroachment on material enrichment. Wrongfulness
of corruption offenses is in violation of the prohibition established by
applicable law. Corruption crimes occur in almost all spheres of state activity
and causing serious damage to the economy and well-being of our country.
The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan "On
Combating Corruption", provides the following definition of corruption
offenses - corruption is understood not as a statutory enactment directly or
indirectly property benefits and advantages of persons who perform public functions,
as well as persons equated to them, using their official powers and related
opportunities or otherwise use their powers to obtain property benefit, as well
as bribery of such persons by providing them with unlawful physical and legal
persons mentioned benefits and advantages [1].
Under current law the fight against corruption should
be based on the following principles:
•
Improving the structure of the state apparatus;
•
The equality of all citizens before the law and the courts;
•
Improving human resource management and procedures addressing issues affecting
the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities;
•
Provide a clear legal regulation of public bodies;
•
Protecting the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal entities;
•
Rule of law and transparency;
•
Protecting the rights and legitimate interests of individuals and legal
entities;
•
State regulation and public control of public authorities;
•
Protecting the rights and legitimate interests of the socio-economic, political,
legal, organizational and management systems of the state, etc.
Our President N.A. Nazarbayev repeatedly touched on
the problems of corruption related to inspections of business entities and
talked about strengthening the responsibility for unwarranted interference in
the private business.
On the initiative of our President N.A. Nazarbayev, in
August of this year, the powers of the Financial Police were abolished and
transferred to the new agency under the Ministry of Finance. [2]
It should be noted that the removal of administrative
barriers to business, as well as strengthening social and political monitoring
of the corruption situation would effectively solve many economic problems
associated with administrative resources. Today the question detects, prevent
corruption offenses and bring those perpetrators to justice within its
competence is carried out on the following levels of government:
1.
The bodies of internal affairs;
2.
Customs Service;
3.
The financial police;
4.
Revenue Service;
5.
The military police;
6.
Border Service of the National Security Committee of the Republic of
Kazakhstan;
7.
Prosecutor's Office;
8.
National Security Committee.
Corruption offenses, with all the elements of a
criminal offense are socially dangerous and is encroaching on protected by
criminal law public relations.
In accordance with the Criminal Code of the Republic
of Kazakhstan, corruption and other crimes against the interests of the state
and public administration, include:
1.
Crimes related to abuse of power or official authority;
2.
The offenses related to misappropriation of official;
3.
Offenses related to the abuse of power;
4.
Crimes related to illegal participation in entrepreneurial activity;
5.
Crimes associated with obtaining bribes;
6.
Offenses related to obstruction of legitimate business activity;
7.
Offenses relating to bribery;
8.
Offenses mediation in bribery;
9.
Offenses related to forgery;
10.
Offenses relating to the failure to act in the service;
11.
Offenses relating to negligence[3].
Also it should be noted that, in practice, a large
share of corruption crimes account for crimes committed in the implementation
of government programs, it is related in most cases with insufficient control
over the use and expenditure of budgetary funds, which enables government
clerks illegal material enriched at the expense of the state funds allocated
for the implementation of one or another government program[4].
The weakest link in the public sphere of activity,
which are subject to corruption more than others, according to experts, are the
following: the scope of public services, government procurement, investment and
privatization processes, permits and licensing system, appointments to senior
positions and getting a job in the public service, the redistribution of budget
resources and land, tax collection, the activities of local governments.
Currently, corruption infests our economy and is a major cause feelings of
social insecurity among the people, undermining the sense of social stability,
depriving society of confidence in a happy future.
Designed Party "NurOtan" project on
anti-corruption programs 2015-2025 years, today presented to the broad public
discussion, corresponding to the present situation in the country and the
recent events taking place in the field of public bodies, we believe this
program highly relevant and appropriate to the achievement of efficiency
combating corruption crimes. The program is aimed at developing each member of
our society anti-corruption and legal culture, in order to eradicate corruption
in public sector management by reducing the motivations and preconditions for
corruption[5].
References
1. The Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 2, 1998 № 267-I «On
Combating Corruption".
http://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=1009795
2. Breaking News / financial police abolished, its powers transferred to
the new agency
/http://24.kz/ru/news/sport/item/19303-sozdano-agentstvo-po-delam-gossluzhby-finpol-uprazdnen
3. Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan dated July 16, 1997 №
167-I
4. www.astananalog.kz/rus/novosti/stati_i_materialy/?cid=0&rid=336
5. The draft anti-corruption programs for 2015-2025, the party
"NurOtan". /
http://online.zakon.kz/Document/?doc_id=31575559