Urazgaliyeva S.B.

Senior teacher, master of Arts

A.Baitursynov Kostanay State University

Kazakhstan, Kostanay

THE CONNECTION OF THE TATAR AND UZBEK CULTURE WITH THE KAZAKH LITERATURE AND ITS PLACE IN ABAY`S WORKS

“I look at the tatars. They submitted the warfare, have patience of poverty, can endure sorrow and bow to God… They are the nation who are friendly and peaceful to their neighbors. Abay Kunanbayev said: “They are industrious people who have prosperity for their work. The tatars are one of the related cultures. Their development and formation were in the different case of history. The tatar language belongs to seven Altay languages of the turkey group. Today`s tatars who have mongolian features belong to the Mediterranean nation. “Tatar” originates from the tribes which lived in the north-east sides of the Baikal Sea in the VI-VIII centuries. The tatars started to communicate with the kazakhs long time ago, also, they occurpied with tride and spread Islam. Particularly, they spread Islam in towns like Semey, Vernyi, Kapal and the regions like Zhetisu and Semey. They taught children. Poets Abay used a lot of tatars words in his works. Abay`s opinion about the tatars attracts. He said: “They can endure poverty and death, also, keep their medresahs. Moreover, they know how to breed animals, and they have solemnity and beauty. “The related tatar culture respects our famous Abay as well as their Tokay, even if they lived in different places and in different surroundings, and even if they didn`t see each other, their art works were the same. They summoned people of that period to gumanism in their poems and they took into consideration people`s opinion. Abay and Tokay wrote about life, death, and human phenomenon in this world. We know that Abay had a high authority among the tatar people and it’s known for us from the wiews of Tokay`s followers and we can get more information from the articles about him. If we want to know about it, you should read some quotes of their poets and writers like: G.Ibragimov, Sh. Babish, G.Bashirov, M.Gainullin, S.Khakim, kh.Usmanov. Even the translation of Mukhtar Auezov`s epic “The Path of Abay” into the tatar language was of great importans to know more about him as a poet. We can say that the statistics of bibliography have shown that the translations into the tatar language Abay`s songs were published as separate books in 40s of the XX century. For example: the collection of “Abay`s songs and poems” was published in 1947 in Moscow-Kazan, there was about 75 pages. After 1947 “songs and poems” was published in Kazan once more, but there were 74 pages which were translated by M.Maksut. The tatar writer worked in order to acquaint with the people of Abay`s heritage. As a result, the tatar readers got Abay`s books in one volume. This collection of these “songs and poems” was called “Хикмәтлә сүз”. Let`s try to read poet`s songs: In the tatar translation, that include Abay`s poems such as “Eskendir” and “Masgut”. Both poems were translated by M.Magsut. But “Хикмәтлә сүз” was given by L.Hamydullins translation. Sybgat Khakim`s first introduction about Abay and his great poetries made the tatar reader`s think deeper. The introduction was written in writer`s language. So Pushkin, Shevchenko, Abay and Tokay made everybody think over. Their attention was toward only population, their history and fate. Sybgat`s introduction begins like this, but ebtains the seatures of Abay`s works. When Abay was studying at the medresah, he wrote about Asian poets and also about the uzbeks literature classic Nauay. Not only his ideas and aims, his language was close to Alisher Nauay and he influenced Abay as when he was young he acquainted with Nauay and he read the translation of Firdousi, Sagdi and Hozha Hafiz. In the middle centuries the Asian poets wrote their works in arabic, persian languages. Nauay was against and fought for his native language. He was the first who wrote a work in his native language. Abay liked it because he wanted to save the purity of the Kazakh language. In his first poems he often used Arabic and Persian words. He imitated Nauay`s poems and wrote love poems. We can see in Abay`s philosophical poems an ignorance and in humorous poems he criticized a crime and this like Nauay`s way of writing. In Nauay`s myth “Hairatul-abror” he believed in religion also he fighted for his happiness, he cared about his nation not just himself, his education, labor, love like Abay`s. The character of Eskendir Zulhainar which was written in myths of Nizami and Nauay attracted Abay to write a poem on this plot. Abay made his son Akulbay write the story “Zharrak” on subject “Subgai sayera” written by Nauay. Zahiriddin Muhammed Babyr was one of the great uzbek classical poet whom Abay honored very much. Abay read “Babyrnama” and praised it. Abay`s sermons like “We were related to the uzbek nation” explaine the meaning of as a historical unity of two nations. Uzbek writers Gafur Gulyam, Mirtemir, Uygun, Turap Tole, Nasyr Fazyl helped translate Abay`s works. In conclusion, we can see a lot of words of the tatar and uzbek languages in the kazakh literature. We can find its proves on Great Abay`s works. Also we can see the cultural connection of tatar, uzbek, kazakh and whole turkey nation.

References

1. Татар поэзиясы антологиясы. Қазан, 1956.

2. Тоқай Ғ. Шығармалары IV том. Қазан,1958.

3. Абай энциклопедиясы. Н. Нұрғали, З. Ахметов. Ал.: Атамұра,1995.

4. Әуезов М. Толық шығармалар жинағы.20 т.Ал.,1995.