History/ 2. General History

SOCIAL AND ETHNODEMOGRAPHIC CONSEQUENCES OF RELOCATION OF SLAVIC POPULATION IN TURGAY AREA IN THE SECOND HALF OF XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES.

Nurushevа GK - Senior lecturer of Otan tarikhy Kostanai State University. A.Baitursynov

Relocation was carried out in areas along the railway, without any warning about opening Turgay region . As a result of surveys in Aktobe County was formed 6500 "free cheap shares ", which meant migrants from Saratov province. Opening Turgay region for resettlement immediately caused a stream of requests those wishing to settle in the Turgay region , especially in its northern districts , suitable for agriculture . Only in 1904-1905 in Aktobe county 4018 came from the people of Russian provinces.. They settled on the resettlement sites : St. Michael , Smooth, Shpakovskii Berezovsky , Alexander , New Ural , Karatugasky , Nagorny, Karaganda , Ak- Bulak with a total area of 11686 tithes [1]. In addition, in 1905 to 3627 were designed shower resettlement sites : Maykesaysky Cain - sai Yaysansky , High, Petrovsky, Shibaevsky , Taldysaysky , Semyonov , Pavlovsky , Bogdanov , Timreysky, Nikolsky , Sogur -Say on the area 102,037.8 acres. These project areas were approved Turgay Interim Commission in March 1906 . In connection with this matter head of colonization in Turgay - Ural region requested military governor "to Kyrgyz in the current year to refrain from new plowing on these sites to not located them with the chaise , not poisoned livestock and mow mowing them ."

Kazakhs refused to voluntarily give up their arable and grazing land, often put up armed resistance. In the report of the first portion of the peasant chief military governor of the county of Aktobe region from June 25, 1905 stated: "I went to the site" Lucky "to" 2 Karatugay village parish, where he stayed from 15 to 19 June this year, urged Kirghiz retire from " Lucky " but among the Kirghiz 30 wagons headed by Ilyas Turumovym, Bekkufoy Shokin, Baypakovym announced that a portion will not go” [2]. Minister of the Interior has repeatedly had to intervene in land conflicts in Aktobe county , responding to " Restless " requirements Kazakhs. In his telegram of February 8, 1907 in the name of the military governor stated: "Authorized by the Kirghiz № 1, № 3, № 4 , № 7 Hobdinsk region Aktobe County, daring telegram threatening force to prevent the allotment of lands resettlement parties. Deign to declare these Kyrgyz villages that any resistance to their resettlement work parties will be suppressed by military force , and that the perpetrators will be punished to the fullest extent of the laws . Take immediate steps to identify those that excite their relatives to resist lawful orders of the authorities , paying particular attention to the activities authorized Bekmuhamedov, Konbaeva and Isyraspoeva . Login with immediate representation on administrative expulsion persons found in propaganda activities». Speech of hobdints supported residents of other townships . Peasant Head first section Aktobe County May 27, 1907 said the military governor of the area that the " number two Kyrgyz village Karahobdinsk parish , the crowd, were not allowed to dissociate plots number 57 and number 58. Here in favor of migrants going to withdraw from the Kazakhs even acreage . On this same peasant chief wrote: " Making sure that the crops on plots made really poor Kyrgyz, I have the honor to request Your Excellency to allow them to take advantage of crops , the area which is very small , 205-220 tithes at 5 sites in tithes and 18616 for immigrants although enrolled , but still do not attend the portion of the damage will not». In 1906 the mud resistance work on the challenge of resettlement sites have Kazakhs Burtinsk parish. This employee I.Chibelov Resettlement Department reported to the Turgay regional board that " reason was to counter not only dissatisfaction directly interested in cutting area Kirghiz , but all generally accepted Kyrgyz decision to provide what may only passive resistance to the work of land survey lands " [1] .One way of boycotting parties resettlement work absenteeism was representatives of Kazakh communities to bring a project to divert them to land in accordance with the procedure established by the circular dated 19 May 1898 . In this regard, the Department of State MIA land assets in June 1903 were instructed to continue allotment of lands and " without the presence of Kyrgyz officials." This measure was taken in order to "destroy the Kirghiz for the future any possibility at will delay the progress of land survey work ."

Kazakh population of county continued to make complaints in all state institutions . In 1907, representatives of the Kazakh Aktobe parish D.Bekmuhamedov and A.Arynzhanov sent telegrams to the chairman of the Council of Ministers of Stolypin , the deputy from the Ural region B.Karataevu . Stolypin are especially angered line telegram : "We , the Kirghiz , moved to Russian citizenship to the land . Now came down to our earth works Turgay party manufacturers Education resettlement sites , steel mark off the best parts of our land settlers , leaving us with some mountainous places and salt marshes , depriving us of arable land and haymaking . Now Kirghiz realized that these compilers work - all the predators and uncontrollably that they want, then they do». The State Duma has been raised repeatedly as B.Karataev and other deputies question about the harmful effects of the resettlement policy of the government in Kazakhstan. When discussing the estimates of the Resettlement Department in the State Duma III ( 1907 ), the representative of the Muslim faction deputy Khas Mamedov said : "Thanks to the usual rumors that in these areas a lot of land , the government moved the wave of displacement , not consistent with the fact how many there are suitable land , government agents selected land from Kirghiz». Such was the inhuman treatment of the colonial officials to the fate of hundreds of thousands of Kazakhs deprived of arable , pasture , grassland and water sources , as a result have become outcasts in their own land .

Thus , the relocation of a large mass of Russian and Ukrainians in Kazakhstan is the foundation on which was based the whole colonial policy of Russia in the region.

Literature :

1.Esmagambetov K.L.What wrote about us in the West. - A.-A. 1992 .

2. Kasymbaev J.C. The influence of socioeconomic factors on demographic changes in cities of Kazakhstan in the post-reform period / / Problems of historical demography of the USSR. Tomsk , 1982.