Veterinary science / 1. Veterinary medicine
Raketsky
VA Master of Veterinary Science KSU named A.Baitursynov
Beisembaeva
ZK, 5th year student, KSU named A.Baitursynov
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS AND THE PROBLEM OF HYPOTHYROIDISM
IN DOGS VETERINARY CLINICS KOSTANAY FOR THE YEARS 2011-2014
Endocrinology
- one of the youngest and most rapidly developing branches of medicine.
However, in veterinary practice diagnosis of endocrine diseases in its infancy,
despite the urgency of this problem [1]. According
to foreign researchers, hypothyroidism in dogs is a common endocrine disorders
of the thyroid gland. It is known that age-T4 concentration in
serum decreases gradually. It is also known that small breed dogs, unlike the
large breeds slightly elevated levels of T4 [2].
According to reports veterinary clinics Kostanay for
the years 2011-2014 at the receptions was 10320 dogs with different internal
non-communicable diseases . Of which the share of endocrine diseases
(pancreatitis , diabetes mellitus , hypothyroidism 2.99% and 0.01 %) were 3% ,
4% of the nervous system , cardiovascular disease 7% , diseases of the
genitourinary system 13% , skin diseases ( dermatitozy are paramount and
unknown etiology , eczema, allergic dermatitis , parasitic dermatitis ) 15% ,
diseases of the respiratory system 22% , diseases of the digestive tract of
36%.
Thyroid - glandula thyreoidea - is paired organ ,
located on the first tracheal cartilage on the ventral side , reaching the
cranial end of the larynx [3,4]. It distinguish lateral
lobes - lobus dexter et sinister - and connecting them ventral isthmus -
isthmus. Gland consists of bubbles - follicles - folliculus ( 0.02-0.6 mm
diameter ) lined by cuboidal or columnar epithelium and filled with colloid.
Follicles are packed into connective tissue forming the shell gland.
Colouring cancer brown- red or dark red . Consistency
dense. There are additional thyroids - gl. thyreoidea accessoria [ 5 ].
Based on data from scientific publications may be
noted that hypothyroidism is a disease of dogs that is caused by several
reasons one of which is iodine deficiency [ 2,3,5 ] . According
to data Cherenko MP, SP Sushko , Ignatovskoye Y. Shchepotin and IB [6]
Hypothyroidism is the most common endocrine disease that causes skin lesions in
dogs. Ninety percent of all cases of hypothyroidism in dogs are acquired and
primary , that is due to a decrease in the ability of the thyroid gland to
produce hormones .
Since Kostanay is biogeochemical area where there is a
deficiency of iodine in feed and drinking in humans and animals predominate
thyroid disease , namely hypothyroidism [7].
The diagnosis of hypothyroidism is difficult because
of the variety of clinical symptoms of this pathology [8].
Routine blood tests rarely show changes in dogs with
hypothyroidism and diagnostic plan can not accept [9].
In the study of research papers by various authors, we
can say that the main feature at diagnosis for hypothyroidism is a measure of
the total T4 and total T3 . But diagnosis is performed at the stage
clinical signs in animals , which for years treated for skin diseases , do not
yield the desired effect .
Also studied the many references on hypothyroidism
nowhere described information on the prevention of hypothyroidism in dogs.
List
of references
1.Starchenkov SV Small Animal Diseases : Diagnosis ,
treatment, prevention. - C-II . : Lan , 1999 . - 509 p.
2 . Kusenkova NY Laboratory diagnosis of
hypothyroidism in dogs / / www.biovetlab.ru/ Veterinary Medicine , 2012 . - №
12. - S. 31-33 .
3 Akayev AI Anatomy pets. Ed. 3rd , rev. and add. M. :
"Ear" , 1975. 592 p.
4 . St. George VI Mineral nutrition of animals. -
Moscow: Kolos , 1979 . - 471 p.
5 . Peter C. Goody . Topographic anatomy of the dog .
- M.: " Aquarium Print" , 2006. -176 P.
6.Cherenko MP, SP Sushko , Ignatovskiy YV, Shchepotin
IB Preoperative and surgical treatment of patients with diffuse toxic goiter /
/ Clinical Surgery , 2006, № 12 , pp. 1-4
7. Popov Yu Thyroid Disease . Choosing the right
treatment. - M. Krylov, 2006 . 128 .
8. Savenkov VA
Diseases of dogs . - Moscow: Ast- Stalker , 2008. 156 .
9. Sharabrin VG Domestic non-communicable diseases in
farm animals. - Moscow: Kolos, 1976 . 600 .