Kazakova I.N.

Ways of overcoming the economic crisis in Russia

Currently, Russia's economy is feeling the impact of the economic crisis, which is reflected in falling levels of economic growth: the budget deficit is observed in many regions, increased inflation, falling oil prices, the depreciation of the ruble and the business activity in the economy.

Many of the current difficulties of the Russian economy lie in the plane of the non-economic and, consequently, their solutions are also likely in the sphere of politics. The main feature of the current economic situation in Russia - something that many business people do not tend to increase the capitalization of its assets, as it is not profitable. The main causes of the current economic problems in Russia is not so much the economy, but in our heads.

 Due to the current monetary policy at the moment, you can watch the amazing economic benefit: the clearly defined goal of keeping the inflation rate and its decline is a sharp contraction of the money supply. It is a fact that cannot be overlooked. The amount of money in the economy plummeted and continues to decline aggressively. In the absence of monetary liquidity and the ability to attract businesses cease to grow your business, start saving, reduce costs, salaries, reduce investment. There is a tightening economy. The consequences can be dire.

The transition to the policy of forced investment and increasing human capital will help to overcome the economic crisis. However, this is only possible while reducing inflation and key rate of the Central Bank of Russia to 3-4%. The crisis has had a bias in the social area. GDP fell by 3,7%, household consumption - a key indicator of economic well-being - fell by 10,2%, while inflation in 2015 It has reached 15,5%, and "dramatically lowered the real incomes down."

It may be noted that the decline in real income, consumption, housing construction will continue in 2016.

The main, but not the only element of an effective anti-crisis policy can be a transition to the policy of forced investment and increasing human capital. However, this is possible only if a significant reduction in inflation and the key refinancing rate to 3-4%, otherwise the investment lending will not be attractive. We are talking about strengthening the competitive environment, on the prevention of unreasonable price increases, removal of administrative barriers for business, the full development of public-private partnership, responsibility and improving the economic rights of the regions and municipalities, and more. The key direction of these changes - protection of business and increasing the role of private property.

The biggest "money bag of the country" are the assets of the banking system, of which only 1,5% are involved in one way or another in the form investkreditov. To make the "short" money bank assets in "long" investments, you need the example of many other countries do this through the issuance of Treasury long-term securities, which could at a low annual interest rate to acquire "the Central Bank", "Vnesheconombank", "Agency for Mortgage Lending "and, possibly, other major funds and then by their pledge to issue investment loans for a period of five, ten, 20 years of reliable commercial banks.

The second "money bag" - a savings of citizens. Using even a small portion of these funds for investment purposes, particularly for the construction of housing, the purchase of plots for holiday homes, buy cars, could provide a significant source of funds for the development of relevant industries. Enter in the storage system must be via bond issue, which would give discounts when buying an apartment, land or machines. Invest now necessary in the new technologies and human capital, without which they are not viable.

Russia a rich country, we can say "underdeveloped countries", in which her dignity and economic advantage. Surviving the crisis Russia will just further development of what is already well developed, so you need to invest in exploration, extraction and processing of minerals, especially export-oriented.

Another important area of development is agriculture. On the one hand, it is politically important "food security" and "import substitution" on the other - an export-oriented line of business, it is the basis of the stability of the national currency.

Should be exempt from the fiscal focus those industries in which the tax is not

collected, or component in the consolidated budget is low, and replace the normal tax there on the "imputed tax" (patents, licenses, simplified taxation).

It is necessary to stimulate the creation of new jobs, self-employment and family business. During the crisis, it is necessary to give more freedom and competition. Entrepreneurs need to put merit in the creation of jobs, and this must be the policy of each region. Then will appear the jobs, the money through taxes on wages and property taxes. This was the region's future.

It should also be noted that the stock market is the most rapid and reliable indicator of any economy. The stock market - is forecast and investor expectations, as well as a mechanism to attract investment and capital exchange. Modern Russian stock market is characterized by small volumes of trade, shares (excluding the shares of retail chains) low prices, low volatility. He is still alive, but it does not perform its functions. This is compounded by the negative policies of the Regulator, when any securities transactions treated it as suspicious financial transactions. Financial Instruments - no, money - no, too, there is no business.

From the above it can be concluded that, despite the authorities' statements that the peak of the crisis passed, and now the economy moves to a stable growth, the facts suggest otherwise. The cost of a barrel of oil fell, approaching the lowest level, which, in turn, led to a significant increase in the dollar. In this situation the Government of the Russian Federation responded to the next reduction budget expenditure by reducing the "inefficient and unnecessary" spending. It is obvious that the economic crisis is gaining momentum and is unlikely to end in 2016.

It was only in 2017 can expect economic growth if they are carried out effectively measures taken by the State at the continuing restrictions in the foreign economy.

Bibliography:

1. Kazakova I.N. The value of investments in the Russian economy during the economic crisis / University Bulletin №5, M .: SUM 2010.

2. Kazakova I.N., Khubiev A.M. Socio - economic analysis of the state anti-corruption policy .: Stavropol, IPC "Fabula" 2014.