technical / metallurgy

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Mukhtarova M.N., Nurseytova A.K., Ermaganbetova S. D.

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Almaty, Kazakhstan

The concept and ways of its realization

Currently, the following areas are defined creating waste-free (and low-waste) production:

- development of new technological schemes and methods of industrial production, excluding the release of waste into the environment;

- Creation of closed technological schemes of water reuse and process gases;

- The creation of waste management system of production, which are considered as secondary material resources, the organization of large regional territorial-industrial complexes of the closed structure of the feed streams to deep processing.

Work on the latest trend began in the 80s and took thirty years.As a result, not only the new concept of deep processing of non-waste technological fields were managed, but also developing methods and technical means for its implementation. Proposed currently processing complex today includes the proven, unique, having no analogues in the world equipment.

We are convinced that it is time to centralized implementation and replication technologies for deep waste-free development of natural and man-made deposits autonomous mobile complexes with extraction of useful components and dumping (conservation) of harmful components (-toxicants elements), followed by reclamation and return into the economy liberated from their territories.

Methods of designing systems to adapt the technology of deep-waste recycling in terms of virtually any known technogeneticdeposits, including deep processing of sludge storage tanks coal preparation plants to produce finely dispersedcoal-water and briquetted fuel, building material and fertilizer, as well as their use in the cement industry in the production of chalky-clay sludge and many other products.

In assessing the ecological status of the ore district chemical composition of the tailings ferruginous quartzite field has been studied. Ecological and geochemical characteristics of tailings ferruginous quartzite are presented in Table 1. The data obtained are compared with an average content of chemical elements in the lithosphere and the list above the Clarke us elements (in descending order of concentration ratios).

With regard to natural radionuclides, the comparative analysis of their distribution in the tailings and source ferruginous quartzites showed that tails depleted thorium (Th) of 3.5 times, uranium (U) to 1.3 times, i.e., these radionuclides "enrich" iron ore concentrate and follow further along the process chain up to the metallurgical processing. The chemical composition of coal sludge storage tanks present similar elements with their different content, depending on the genesis of deposits.

As a result of investigations to solve the most acute problems of cleaning territories from man-made pollution and the associated extraction of mineral and toxic components of the technology of working out of man-made and natural and man-made deposits via mobile technological complexes on the basis of original technical solutions (Fig. 1).

Fig. 1 Autonomous Driving Mobile technological complex circuit devices for recycling and disposal man-made and natural technogenic deposits

Technological complex for deep processing of technogenic raw materials with the extraction of valuable components (gold, platinum, palladium, silver, non-magnetic iron-hematite and others.) and the removal of harmful impurities (containing mercury and heavy metals, radionuclides) from the tails of enrichment plants of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy. All of these components and waste without metal (tailings) are quite valuable products for the metallurgical, construction, part of jewelry and other industries and the economy as a whole .

Thus, the proposed technology for processing technogenic waste (tailings, Ephel, sludge storage tanks) allows removal and disposal of harmful impurities, including in underground spaces developed after their preliminary condensation, which is also ensured by technical means that are part of the complex. The proposed technology provides a cost-effective and environmentally friendly and virtually waste-free production with significantly lower cost of operating the main products of mining and processing of non-ferrous and ferrous metallurgy in Kazakhstan.

Literature:

1. Vinogradov NF, "Nature." - M., 1994.

2. Kikava O.Sh. etc. "Construction materials from production waste." - "Ecology and Industry of Russia», 12, 1997.

3. Protasov VF, Molchanov AV "Environment, health and environmental management in Russia" - Moscow, "Finance and Statistics", 1995.

4. "Ecology". Textbook, Ed. S.A.Bogolyubova - M., "Knowledge", 1997.