technical / energetics

Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Mukhtarova M.N., Nurseytova A.K., Ermaganbetova S. D.

Al-Farabi Kazakh National University

Almaty, Kazakhstan

Wind generator setup is designed for autonomous power supply of consumers without access to the networks of centralized power

The urgent need for a wind generator setup is ripe because the modern world is characterized, unfortunately, a sharp increase in emergency situations in the energy supply system. This is due to the increase of negative factors such as terrorism, local wars, global climate change, leading to natural and man-made disasters, etc. In addition, the need for such facilities has matured and because of recently there has been a very rapid growth of many economies and the world's population as a whole, increasing the area and the newly developed areas. These factors have a significant increase in energy consumption. However, the increasing demand for electricity is significantly ahead of capacity growth opportunities for its production and transportation.

In addition, there are many other areas where it is necessary to use a reliable and efficient stand-alone power source. For example, to provide clean electric power of national parks and protected areas, and other strictly protected areas. Use existing conventional wind turbines can not be for the purpose.

The main features of the proposed wind generator setup:

1. The unit is designed to the specifications of the wind flow. However, the most effective use of the installation in such conditions, when the wind flow erratic, impulsive, low-pressure, variable in strength and direction, having a barrage as well as horse or grassroots character. It would work especially well in repelling winds, ie, when the wind comes from the spaces (steppe or sea) and is distributed in a wooded, mountainous (hilly) or urban areas.Little wind flow prevails over most of the Earth's land surface, and it is particularly characteristic of the traditional places of human habitation and/or which could be used wind turbines. The plant will operate and generate electricity at wind speeds ranging from almost the quietest. The upper margin of the wind speed is limited only by structural features. Installation does not require its withdrawal from under wind load and/or stopping in cases where the wind has storm or even a hurricane values. Moreover, under such conditions the electricity generation will continue.

2. Installation is relatively safe and can be operated in close proximity to consumers.Since it lacks any visible rotating structural elements, it will not have a negative visual impact and spoiling the natural landscape.The occupied area of the installation is minimized, and (depending on the design), on average 0.2-0.4 sq. meter of surface per 1 kW of electricity generated.In urban areas, for example, the installation data can be safely placed on the roofs of buildings and structures (as some of the existing and under construction), as well as they can go and how the energy flow in the designed architectural buildings, especially tall.In addition, they can be placed on a green and forested areas in the courtyards of buildings, as part of the ensemble of the square and gardens. Externally, they can fit harmoniously into the surrounding landscape.

3. In the process of developing this set except for the reliability and safety is also a goal to create a relatively inexpensive source of electric current.Therefore, the plant design used only well-known and developed human practice for many generations of simple devices, components and mechanisms.It is assumed that the efficiency of the device will be kept at ambient temperatures of minus 70 to plus 60 degrees Celsius.There may be more severe operating conditions when making amendments to them in the design at the design stage.All the elements, directly responsible for the production of electric current, are arranged on the surface of the earth and so the installation is easy to maintain, maintainability, and is characterized by low operating costs. It contains no parts scarce and, in principle, does not require the creation of new materials, mechanisms and components, i.e. This new vision of how to produce and use the waste in practice designs for different applications.For the same reason the cost of the production of these wind generator units is not great and it is expected in the range 1500 - 2500 rubles for each kilowatt of installed capacity, depending on their production seriality and design features.This is significantly lower than the prevailing price of the hydropower market.

Given the above it can be assumed that the proposed development of a wind turbine could find application for: a) increase energy security and reliability of electricity supply in the settlements; b) the creation of reserve capacity; c) reduction of loads on the distribution network at the time of peak demand power, and d) of the backup power supply for the lighting of entrances of houses and other buildings and structures, as well as the adjacent areas; d) the organization of temporary, emergency and / or local power supply network, for example, emergency or military purposes; e) provide electrical energy reserved, security and/or newly developed areas and territories, etc.For the technologies which is based on the use of non-renewable fuel resources, sometimes crucial to high performance. With regard to technologies based on renewable energy sources, it is quite acceptable low initial efficiency, provided that the cost of creating installations that use these technologies will be relatively small.As practice shows, the accumulated experience, in which the effectiveness and cost of facilities are improving in the operation of new plants.

Power wind generator setup is determined solely by the estimated wind speed, the rotor geometric dimensions (windeccepting device) and the efficient use of wind power.

Wind generator setup of any type should be power limitation system. The power factor determines the efficiency of energy extraction from the wind flow and to some extent characterizes the design of the rotor.

Stand-alone wind power and standby low-power systems should be based on the uninterruptible power supply circuit with the buffer-storage. This power wind generator installation, the inverter power and capacity of the AB must be balanced against the wind potential of the area and loads of character.

Beneficial use of wind energy can under the conditions of the average annual wind speed of 5 m / sec or unstable supply of electricity. Use VSU to heat your home is useful when the average wind speed of 5-6 m / s. When rain or snow windmill power is reduced by 10-30%.The smaller propeller blades, then the higher the efficiency.

Do not get involved in the search for wind turbines, starting work at low wind speeds - up to 3 m / s, as its energy is negligible at these wind speeds. For example, for wind turbines with a diameter of the screw 5 m the power output at a wind speed of 2 m / s to less than 30 watts (minus half of the power goes to bearing friction and other losses, and the remaining 15 W - nothing, since charging a battery capacity 50 A / h must be 70 W).

Wind turbines convert wind energy into electrical energy with high efficiency and reliability. These settings are used for power supply to consumers, if the network is unreliable or of poor quality:

· country houses and cottages;

· farms and estates;

· telecommunication facilities, etc.

Production of electrical energy using a wind turbine has significant advantages: does not require any fuel, no pollution, no noise. Electricity generated by wind generator, can easily light up a room, feed the TV, computer equipment, small household appliances, communication equipment and power tools.

Literature:

2. Pavlenko IM, Solomennikova OB, Stepanov SF Multimodularity wind farm - one of perspective directions of wind energy // Energy saving in the Saratov region. - 2011. - № 2 (44). - S. 42-43.

3. PavlenkoI.M., SolomenkovaO.B.,StepanovS.F. Electric power generating system for wind power station based on axial flux permanent magnets generator and converter frequency based on current inverter // Young scientists for innovation: creating the future: mater. International scientific-practical Internet-conference of the International Internet Festival of young scientists / CSTs. - Saratov, 2011. - P. 141-144.