Экономические науки/15.Государственное регулирование экономики

Stozharova K.A., Bogdanova A.A.

The Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov

THE ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT

Social infrastructure is a group of serving industries and activities designed:

- to meet the needs of people; - to guarantee the necessary level and quality of life; - ensure the reproduction of human resources and professionally trained personnel for all spheres of the national economy.

Each country is interested in the development of social infrastructure, because the activities of this area ensure the normal functioning of the remaining components of the market infrastructure.

This confirmation of the message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev to the people of Kazakhstan "Strategy" Kazakhstan 2050 ", where the fifth paragraph refers to the strengthening of housing infrastructure:" The state will build social rental housing and present it to the public in the long-term arena with the right to buy. Providing housing directly, without intermediaries and at the lowest possible interest for a loan, will reduce the cost of its acquisition. " For the construction of rental housing, the financing for the amount of KZT 180 billion was further increased during 2015-2016.

To solve the problem of emergency schools and three-shift training, 70 billion tenge has been additionally allocated, as the funds do not allow to solve this problem until 2017. Akims are instructed to do their best to involve the private sector to reduce the deficit of places in pre-school organizations. In addition, KZT 20 billion will be additionally allocated for this purpose within 3 years.

The President instructed to form the material and technical base of 10 universities, on the basis of which the science will be connected with the economic and personnel sectors, having directed up to 10 billion tenge for these purposes until 2017.

Transformations are already yielding results. The unemployment rate fell to 4.9% for the July 2015 estimate (Figure 1).

Figure 1. The unemployment rate in the period from 2013 to 2015.

The average monthly wage increased to 126,714 tenge, compared to 2015 by 0.6% (Figure 2).

Figure 2. Average month salary in the period 2015-2016.

So, the analysis made it possible to identify the following problems:

1. High number of self-employed people (in 2013, more than 2.5 million people, that is, one-third of the total working population).

2. 52% of the self-employed had only a general 11-year education, but did not study professional skills.

3. Almost every tenth self-employed worker of working age did not graduate from high school at all.

4. Almost a quarter of all wage earners in the country work without proper professional qualification, having only a diploma of graduation.

5. There are 180 emergency schools, 104 three-shift schools.

6. The total number of children in pre-school organizations in the country is 540,000 places (for 2013).

This year, the financing of social protection and healthcare programs in the republican budget is estimated at KZT 2.4 trillion. Due to this, since January 1, 2015, pension payments have been increased by 9%, basic pensions and social benefits have been increased by 7%.

Short-term training courses in services will be organized for youth in the Republic of Kazakhstan on the basis of the experience of the countries of South-East Asia. Training will be conducted by highly qualified masters, who pay for educational services.

In 2015, the number of emergency schools was reduced to 66. The number of three-shift schools was reduced by 20%. It is planned to completely solve the problem of emergency and three-shift schools until 2017. In 2015, 157 new schools were built in the country. Within three years, from 2015 to 2017, 36 kindergartens were planned to be built. The queue in kindergartens is still large. Since 2013, the number of waiting places in kindergartens has increased by 50 thousand, this is due to the demographic growth of our country.

Positive trends in the development of social infrastructure were noted in comparison with 2013. In many respects, this is the message of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev to the people of Kazakhstan "Strategy "Kazakhstan 2050 ", where the main goal is to enter the 30th developed countries. The important aspect is the solution of social infrastructure problems. Performing all the instructions of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan N.A. Nazarbayev, we can solve these problems until 2020.